Figures, tables and video
From the following article
Reflex interaction of pharynx, esophagus, and airways
Reza Shaker
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo11
Figure 1
Relationship of deglutitive vocal cord kinetics to other events of the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing during 5-mL barium swallows.
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Figure 3
Comparison of intercordal and intratracheal pressure during straining, swallowing, coughing, and phonation.
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Figure 4
Example of intercordal and intratracheal pressure during phonation.
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Figure 5
An example of temporal relationship of deglutitive (10-mL barium swallow) nasopharyngeal closure (NPC) with other swallowing events.
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Figure 6
Upper esophageal sphincter pressure increases in response to gastroesophageal reflux events.
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Figure 7
a: Example of esophagoglottal closure reflex evoked by 20 mL room air injected into mid-esophagus.
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Figure 9
Electromyographic recording from interarytenoid and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles.
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Figure 10
Relationship between the duration of vocal cords closure and magnitude of the esophageal distention by a balloon.
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Figure 11
Effect of pharyngeal water injection on UES resting pressure.
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Figure 12
Pharyngoglottal closure reflex: effect of pharyngeal water stimulation on myoelectrical activity.
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Figure 13
Upper esophageal sphincter pressure response to laryngeal air stimulation.
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Figure 14
Comparison of response/deflection ratio between young and elderly subjects.
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Figure 15
Coordination between the UES and glottal function during belching.
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Figure 16
Inhibition of progressing primary esophageal peristalsis.
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Table 1
Comparison of the biomechanical events during primary and pharyngeal swallow
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Video 1
a: Nasopharynx function during belch. b: Nasopharynx function during swallow.
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