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Krueger, Gogolewski, and Bodych et al. assess the risk of COVID-19 epidemic resurgence in relation to SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccination passes. Their model predicts that new COVID-19 infection waves within two years from the onset of the vaccination program are possible but that suitable adaptive policies can help to avoid unfavorable outcomes.
Ludwig and Distler et al. evaluate quality of life and metabolic outcomes in patients undergoing total pancreatectomy and simultaneous islet autotransplantation. The authors report benefits in terms of glycemic control, as well as improvements in quality of life, following the procedure.
Holst et al. study the relationship between cancer treatments and long-term health effects using registry data on childhood cancer survivors in Sweden. The authors utilize a causal inference approach to establish relationships between certain therapies and viral infections, eye conditions, and reproductive conditions, amongst others.
Piler et al. perform a longitudinal serology study of the Czech population between October 2020 and March 2021 and describe an increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies that correlates with SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing data. They include data stratified by age, sex, body mass and history of symptoms.
Stålhammar and Herrspiegel conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on long-term relative survival estimates in uveal melanoma. While data from individual studies varies, the authors provide pooled estimates of 15- and 20-year relative survival of approximately 60%.
Lazarus et al. evaluate the cascade of care for people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) treated within six public hospitals in Madrid, Spain. The authors report on potential gaps in care in specific populations, including inadequate testing and loss to follow-up, and their implications on HCV micro-elimination in Madrid.
Knabl and Lee et al. use RNA sequencing to assess the impact of vaccination with BNT162b2 on the peripheral innate immune response of a small cohort of COVID-19 patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant. They show an increased JAK-STAT-mediated immune response in vaccinated patients as compared to unvaccinated ones.
Aghjayan et al. conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on the effect of aerobic exercise on episodic memory in late adulthood. The results demonstrate that exercise interventions improve episodic memory, with age being one moderator of this effect.
Olivera Mesa et al. model the potential impact of vaccine hesitancy in prolonging the need for non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control the COVID-19 pandemic. They show that vaccine hesitancy could prolong the need for NPIs to remain in place and lead to increased mortality if NPIs are relaxed.
Tian et al. use mathematical modelling to estimate the impact of various interventions on malaria incidence on Hainan Island, also taking into account climate change. They find that although malaria transmission has been exacerbated by climate change, insecticide-treated bed nets and other interventions were effective in controlling the disease.
Ercan et al. report clinical, pathological and molecular findings from a patient with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in the liver with concomitant hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Genomic analysis performed by the authors suggests that FNH might progress to HCC in very rare cases.
Borges et al. study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal during 2020. The authors use phylodynamic modelling to infer patterns of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Portugal and its subsequent spread, providing a comprehensive genomic epidemiology study of the early SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Portugal.
Hu et al. develop a machine learning approach for diagnosis of thyroid disorders based on routine clinical laboratory measurements. The approach is tested on data from multiple institutions and can distinguish patients with hyper- or hypothyroidism from controls with high accuracy.
Sihag et al. analyse brain imaging data, circulating neurofilament light chain levels and personality scores in a cohort of former athletes with a history of concussions. The authors use graph signal processing to identify brain structural and connectivity features associated with neurofilament levels and with aggressive behaviour.
Nguyen et al. describe the clinical validation of the ENHANCE system, a method to detect SARS-CoV-2 based on engineered crRNAs for Cas12a and preceded by an RT-LAMP amplification step. Authors also describe the development and clinical validation of a version of this system, ENHANCEv2, that can be lyophilized and that uses another mutated Cas12a for further signal amplification.
Saegerman et al. perform saliva SARS-CoV-2 testing in a cohort of nursing home workers in Belgium who are either unvaccinated or have received one or two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. The authors show that vaccination protects against shedding of SARS-CoV-2 into saliva and observe greater variability in viral load in the unvaccinated group.
Blum et al. combine computational and experimental methods to study the long-term development of tissue engineered vascular grafts in a lamb model. The authors demonstrate that the grafts undergo growth and remodeling, evolving to mimic the characteristics and function of a native blood vessel.
Kostopoulou et al. investigate whether cancer risk algorithms can improve risk assessment and urgent referral decisions in primary care. On receipt of the algorithm’s estimate, GPs’ referral decisions improved and their risk estimates became better calibrated over the course of the study.
Mayfield et al. describe the implementation and feasibility of an exclusively remote randomized clinical trial of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19. The trial included monitoring of cardiovascular safety which was successfully done using digital technologies.
Liu et al. develop a deep learning-based tool to detect and segment diffusion abnormalities seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute ischemic stroke. The tool is tested in two clinical MRI datasets and outperforms existing algorithms in the detection of small lesions, potentially allowing clinicians and clinical researchers to more quickly and accurately diagnose and assess ischemic strokes.