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Bruneau et al. simulate high-fidelity fluid-structure interactions to model intracranial sounds. Spectrograms of the simulated vibrations are consistent with previously-reported microphone and Doppler ultrasound recordings.
Nilsson et al. distinguish between lower- and higher-grade prostate cancers using imaging and whole-slide histopathology in a co-registered dataset. They find that clinically significant distinctions of prostate cancer grades are reflected in partially discriminative cut-off values derived from multiparametric MRI and positron emission tomography.
Klenk, Erber et al. quantitatively detect blood cell aggregates in COVID-19 patients using label-free digital holographic microscopy. They find that COVID-19 severity associates with the amount of platelet and platelet leukocyte aggregates in the peripheral blood.
Langezaal, van den Broek, et al. develop a decision support system for epidemiological job coding. This system is used for occupational classification and exposure assessment of job descriptions and performs better than both expert coders and alternative currently available tools.
Macharia et al. discuss a Communications Medicine article on global healthcare accessibility and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. They outline strengths in the comprehensive approach taken to studying revealed versus potential spatial accessibility, plus some limitations and wider context with which the results can be interpreted.
Gligorić, Kamath, Weiss et al. evaluate revealed versus potential travel times to healthcare facilities in over 100 countries using anonymized smartphone location history data. The authors study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel times and correlate travel times with key population health indicators.
Young et al. report qualitative findings exploring patient and healthcare provider perspectives to inform a nurse-led virtual prostate cancer survivorship clinic. While caveats regarding accessibility, clinical fit and implementation are raised, a virtual clinic designed in consideration of these factors is deemed to be acceptable and feasible.
Hendrix et al. develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI) system for the detection of benign pulmonary nodules, small lung cancers, and pulmonary metastases in clinically indicated CT scans. A comparison with thoracic radiologists shows that AI can accurately detect these lesions and potentially aid radiologists in clinical practice.
Cheung, Zhang et al. examine the association between secondhand smoke exposure and changes in the retinal vasculature among children aged 6 to 8, in a population-based cohort study. Children exposed to secondhand smoke have wider retinal arteriolar and venular calibers compared to those in smoke-free homes.
Pallett et al. discuss the impact of human conflict on development of antimicrobial resistance. They overview approaches to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance, using the ongoing conflict in Ukraine as an example of the challenges and opportunities.
Yuda et al. report the development and evaluation of a novel selective MCL-1 inhibitor, ABBV-467. The compound is efficacious in preclinical models but increases in cardiac troponin are seen in a first-in-human study, suggesting potential cardiac toxicity of the drug.
Yamauchi et al. investigate the effects of treatment with the kinase inhibitor lenvatinib on immune parameters via multi-omics analysis of liver cancer and peripheral blood samples. Immune signatures associated with T-cell functions and interferon response are enriched during early treatment, while immunoinhibitory signatures are downregulated.
Krockow et al present data from two surveys exploring public perception of antimicrobial resistance-related terminology from a linguistic perspective. They highlight the failure of current terminology to support public awareness and understanding of the global antimicrobial resistance challenge.
Fernández Villalobos, Marsall et al. analyzed seroprevalence and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants and endemic coronaviruses in Colombian children from urban and indigenous populations. They find high SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence with comparable antibody titers but low neutralizing capacity and limited cross-protective immunity.
Hinestrosa et al. developed a machine learning classifier for the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer using a blood-based extracellular vesicle protein assay. The algorithm successfully classifies cancer cases versus healthy and pancreatitis controls with high sensitivity and specificity.
Anantharaj et al. evaluate the presence of antibodies to dengue in febrile patients and estimate seroprevalence to dengue across the National Capital Region and across different age groups in India. Majority of the adult population have neutralizing antibodies to all four dengue serotypes which correlate with reduced dengue viremia during subsequent infection.
Chang et al. evaluate the movement of molnupiravir and β-d-N4- hydroxycytidine (NHC) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in a rat. Molnupiravir metabolizes to NHC and crosses the BBB within 20 min at approximately 0.3–0.8% of the blood-brain ratio.
Zhang, Antonacci, Burant et al. use magnetic resonance with hyperpolarized 129Xe gas to detect brown fat and measure its temperature in humans during cold exposure. The temperature of brown fat is measured spectroscopically, using the nuclear spin frequency of the 129Xe isotope, which is sensitive to temperature-induced changes in fat density.
Kazenwadel et al. evaluate blood serum parameters during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection using quantitative NMR spectroscopy, stratifying patients based on pre-existing arterial hypertension. Hypertensive COVID-19 patients have a distinct serum profile, including altered metabolites and inflammatory markers, compared with normotensive patients.
Hamilton et al. model the impact of a malaria vaccine on malaria cases, drug resistance, and deaths if administered yearly to infants in 42 African countries. They find that even a moderately effective vaccine could substantially reduce malaria burden, with a vaccine that maintains its efficacy over time being most impactful.