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A new species of Late Devonian fossil lycopsid with large strobili and differentiated sporophylls provides insight into reproductive investment of early tree lycopsids.
Evolutionary simulations demonstrate how beneficial mutations may not be preserved in societies characterized by female dominance and social inheritance of rank, such as in spotted hyenas.
An altered automated patch-clamp (APC) approach enables high-throughput recordings from native pig cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.
Citrobacter sp. produces 3-hexenyl acetate in fruits, which attracts gravid B. dorsalis to lay eggs through ovipositor recognition. This provides a mechanism underlying the effective spread of Citrobacter sp. in the population of B. dorsalis.
The dimeric MazE6 antitoxin binds to a specific sequence in its cognate operator DNA for autoregulation, and the key residues for dimerization and DNA binding are identified.
Genome assembly and metabolomic analysis of Singapore’s national flower, Papilionanthe (Ple.) Miss Joaquim “Agnes” (PMJ), expands the known genetic repertoire of the Orchidaceae family and insights into the biochemical processes of PMJ.
A highly sensitive imaging probe shows that oral microbial extracellular DNA triggers early activity of Ctsk in gingival fibroblasts, initiating periodontitis in mice.
Single-hinge cleaved antibodies (scIgGs) in tumors damped NK cell cytotoxic activities and resulted in more aggressive tumor progression, which can be rescued by targeting the neoepitope in scIgGs with an anti-hinge antibody.
A surgical method in mice can selectively remove dorsal root ganglia (DRG) at specific spinal levels without interfering with other nerves, providing insight on thoracolumbar vs. lumbosacral DRG contributions to pain signalling and behaviour.
The transcription factor PU.1 recruits c-Jun as a co-activator to promoters without AP-1 binding sites, and mice with point mutations in PU.1 that disrupts the interaction between PU1 and c-Jun have defects in PU.1 dependent blood lineages, including macrophages and B cells.
Super-resolution microscopy in cultured cells is employed to dissect the effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) at the plasma membrane and HCQ directly perturbs clustering of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 with endocytic lipids and PIP2 clusters.
Application of soil nitrogen limitation selective pressure enhanced seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the 9th generation of Brassica rapa, likely due to alterations in soil microbiome composition.
The in vivo pathogenesis of the blinding retinal degeneration choroideremia is visualized, which reveals enlarged and area-disrupted retinal pigment epithelial cells, providing evidence for polymegathism in choroideremia.
Combining spheroidal culture of human adipose-derived stem cells with light irradiation enhances angiogenic growth factor secretion in conditioned media, which can improve angiogenesis in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model.
The transmembrane domains of mammalian cytochrome b5 (cyt b5), cyt b5 reductase (b5R), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) form stable binary complexes between cyt b5/b5R or cyt b5/SCD1 and a ternary complex, which enhance electron transfer rates.
A curated lectin database, structural characterization, and in vitro assays show that choanoflagellate lectin SaroL-1 binds to cancer-related α-galactosylated epitopes and can be toxic to cancer cells through a carbohydrate-dependent pore-formation mechanism.
Murine hearts deficient in ErbB2 and/or ERRα are used to profile the adverse cardiac remodeling associated with potential targeted breast cancer treatments by phosphoproteomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling.
Comparisons of genomic and methylomic changes during the conservation of indigenous chicken breeds in China provide insight into conservation programmes for these breeds and their adaptations to unique environments.