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Depletion and dysfunction of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in HIV disease: mechanisms, impacts and therapeutic implications

Cellular & Molecular Immunology volume 10, pages 42–49 (2013)Cite this article

A Corrigendum to this article was published on 04 May 2013

Abstract

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disrupts the balance among γδ T cell subsets, with increasing Vδ1+ cells and substantial depletion of circulating Vδ2+ cells. Depletion is an indirect effect of HIV in CD4-negative Vδ2 cells, but is specific for phosphoantigen-responsive subpopulations identified by the Vγ2-Jγ1.2 (also called Vγ9-JγP) T cell receptor rearrangement. The extent of cell loss and recovery is related closely to clinical status, with highest levels of functional Vδ2 cells present in virus controllers (undetectable viremia in the absence of antiretroviral therapy). We review the mechanisms and clinical consequences for Vδ2 cell depletion in HIV disease. We address the question of whether HIV-mediated Vδ2 cell depletion, despite being an indirect effect of infection, is an important part of the immune evasion strategy for this virus. The important roles for Vδ2 cells, as effectors and immune regulators, identify key mechanisms affected by HIV and show the strong relationships between Vδ2 cell loss and immunodeficiency disease. This field is moving toward immune therapies based on targeting Vδ2 cells and we now have clear goals and expectations to guide interventional clinical trials.

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Acknowledgements

These studies were supported by Public Health Services grants AI068508 and CA142458 (CDP). BP was also supported by start-up funding from the Institute of Human Virology Faculty Development Program. The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

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  1. Institute of Human Virology and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Haishan Li, Suchita Chaudry, Bhawna Poonia & C David Pauza

  2. State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China

    Yiming Shao

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Li, H., Chaudry, S., Poonia, B. et al. Depletion and dysfunction of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in HIV disease: mechanisms, impacts and therapeutic implications. Cell Mol Immunol 10, 42–49 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2012.50

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