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van der Kaaij NCW, van der Veen MH et al. Eur J Oral Sci 2015;123: 186–193

But this was significantly less than the participants who used the placebo rinse (31% fluoride v 47% placebo, p = 0.038). In this triple-blind, placebo-controlled study randomised control study, white spot lesions were recorded in 81 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. White spot lesions were recorded using quantitative light-induced fluorescence and ICDAS before treatment and 6 weeks following debonding. Of note, there was no difference in white spot lesions when measured using ICDAS. Patients used either a combination of 100 ppm amine fluoride and 150 ppm sodium fluoride (elmex®; Colgate-Palmolive Europe), or a placebo. The mouthrinse was used each evening after toothbrushing. The mean time of orthodontic treatment was just over 2 years. These observations should be considered in the light that the study was carried out in an orthodontic department that has a 'stringent oral hygiene protocol'. When comparing gingival bleeding, there were no differences between the fluoride and placebo mouthrinse groups.