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Bakhshandeh A, Ekstrand K. Int J Paediatr Dent 2015: 25: 43–50

However, the use of a conventional fissure sealant (Delton®) together with fluoride varnish (Duraphat®), was not significantly more effective than fluoride varnish only (p = 0.096). Caries progression was measured using radiographs. Infiltration of the carious lesions employed Icon® (DMG, Hamburg, Germany). The method for infiltration is exacting. It comprised, 1) applying 15% HCl to the lesion for 2 minutes, 2) dehydrating the area twice using 95% ethanol, and then 3) applying the resin for 3 minutes. It is suggested that 15% HCl removes the surface zone of the carious lesion. Dehydration by 95% ethanol, enables the resin to penetrate the pores of the lesion. All selected occlusal lesions regardless of baseline treatment, received fluoride varnish at baseline and a further three times during the study period. This was an elegant, split-mouth randomised clinical trial. However there was selection bias. As a consequence of inclusion criteria, the caries experience in this study group was half that of the general population of children.