Stereometric assessment of TMJ space variation by occlusal splints

A selection of abstracts of clinically relevant papers from other journals. The abstracts on this page have been chosen and edited by John R. Radford.

Abstract

Occlusal splints, worn by asymptomatic subjects, result in increases in temporomandibular joint space.

Main

Ettlin DA, Mang H et al. J Dent Res 2008; 87: 877–881

Studies and reports have shown that the use of an occlusal splint will alleviate signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. However, the mode of action of such appliances is not known. This study examined the dynamic intra-articular distances in ten asymptomatic subjects (20 TMJs in total) with and without using an occlusal splint (Michigan Splint). Dynamic stereometry was used and this technique comprises combining data from magnetic resonance imaging and opto-electronic jaw tracking. In habitual closure and excursions 'occlusal splints led to minor—yet statistically significant—increases of global TMJ space and to larger increases at defined condylar areas' and a 'new distribution of contact areas between joint surfaces'. In the Discussion, the authors state that their data 'cannot be extrapolated to pain patients', or do they stray into the areas of disc-recapture.