Abstract
Sodium is the most abundant alkali metal in the Earth’s crust and the ocean. However, organosodium compounds have long been considered inferior to organolithium compounds, which have instead dominated synthetic organic chemistry during the last century. Despite being largely neglected because of their reactive nature, it is worth re-exploring organosodium chemistry, in light of the growing demand for sustainable syntheses without recourse to less abundant elements such as lithium. Herein, we demonstrate that, contrary to common belief, organosodium compounds can be easily prepared from aryl chlorides or (hetero)arenes and easy-to-handle sodium dispersion and, after being transmetallated to the corresponding zinc and boron compounds, they readily participate in the Negishi and Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, fundamental carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis. Direct coupling reactions with organosodium species were also possible.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Okayama University and KOBELCO ECO-Solutions Co., Ltd for financial support.
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S.A. and K.T. conceived and designed the experiments. H.N. performed the experiments. S.A. and K.T. prepared the manuscript. All authors contributed to discussions.
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S.A. and K.T. are listed as inventors on patent applications (JP2017/247538, JP2018/005719, JP2018/099899) that cover the cross-coupling reactions presented in this paper.
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Asako, S., Nakajima, H. & Takai, K. Organosodium compounds for catalytic cross-coupling. Nat Catal 2, 297–303 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0250-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0250-6
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