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GROUNDWATER

Including the subsurface in ecosystem services

Nature Sustainability volume 2, pages 443–444 (2019)Cite this article

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Ecosystem-service assessments often fail to account for groundwater’s role in the ecosystem. Whether groundwater is important for these services depends strongly on the assessment scale and the local context.

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Fig. 1: Groundwater’s presence is seen in the local lakes, wetlands, and vegetation patterns of many agricultural regions that produce valuable goods and services.

Chris Hepburn / Getty

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  1. The Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    P. James Dennedy-Frank

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  1. P. James Dennedy-Frank
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Correspondence to P. James Dennedy-Frank.

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Dennedy-Frank, P.J. Including the subsurface in ecosystem services. Nat Sustain 2, 443–444 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0312-4

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