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Towards micro-PeLED displays

Nature Reviews Materials volume 8, pages 341–353 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

The miniaturization of conventional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is a growing trend for emerging virtual and augmented reality and ultrahigh-resolution display applications. However, at present, the downscaling and integration of group III–V LED chips face great challenges, including efficiency droop, inhomogeneous emissions and side-wall losses upon top-down etching and mass-transfer processing. Perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) are a promising alternative candidate for displays. Within a decade, they have achieved competitive performance owing to their narrowband emission, wide colour gamut and facile fabrication protocols. In particular, solution-processed perovskite emitting layers can be arranged into microscale pixels using various patterning techniques and show great potential for the development of advanced microscale PeLED (micro-PeLED) devices. In this Perspective article, we summarize the recent progress in perovskite patterning techniques and in the fabrication of micro-PeLED demos. We also share our viewpoint regarding the unique advantages of hybrid perovskites for microscale and nanoscale miniaturization, and we conclude by discussing the future challenges and technical roadmap for the development of micro-PeLED displays.

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Fig. 1: Regulation strategies in state-of-the-art perovskite light-emitting diodes.
Fig. 2: Microscale perovskite emitting structures in state-of-the-art perovskite light-emitting diodes.
Fig. 3: Comparison of perovskite patterning techniques.
Fig. 4: Advances in perovskite patterning techniques.
Fig. 5: Progress in micro-perovskite light-emitting diodes.
Fig. 6: Future directions for micro-PeLEDs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors disclose support for the research of this work from Beijing Natural Science Foundation (JQ21005), the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFB3800100, 2021YFB3800101), the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (2022SLABFK07), National Natural Science Foundation of China (91733301), the R&D Fruit Fund (20210001) and the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Beijing Province (Z201100004320007). The authors also thank X. Wang from School of Physics at Peking University for his professional and helpful discussion on micro-LEDs.

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  1. State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Xiaoyu Yang, Lei Li, Qihuang Gong & Rui Zhu

  2. Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Ltd, Beijing, China

    Xiaoyu Yang, Li Ma, Mi Luo, Xing Wang & Changjun Lu

  3. Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, China

    Qihuang Gong & Rui Zhu

  4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

    Qihuang Gong & Rui Zhu

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  1. Xiaoyu Yang
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Contributions

X.Y. contributed to writing, supervising, reviewing and editing the manuscript and prepared the figures. C.L. and R.Z. contributed to reviewing and editing the manuscript and supervised the writing. All other authors contributed to reviewing and editing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Changjun Lu or Rui Zhu.

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Competing Interests

X.Y., L.M., M.L., X.W. and C.L. work in Leyard Optoelectronic, a company commercializing micro-LED displays. L.L., Q.G. and R.Z. declare no competing interests.

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Yang, X., Ma, L., Li, L. et al. Towards micro-PeLED displays. Nat Rev Mater 8, 341–353 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-022-00522-0

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