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Effects of rapeseed oil on body composition and glucolipid metabolism in people with obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 78, pages 6–18 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

To investigate the effects of rapeseed oil on body composition, blood glucose and lipid metabolism in people with overweight and obesity compared to other cooking oils. We searched eight databases for randomized controlled studies (including randomized crossover trials). The risk of bias for the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria were used to evaluate the quality of the outcomes. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Sensitivity analysis was used to check the stability of the pooled results. Statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software. As a result, fifteen randomized controlled studies (including six parallel studies and nine crossover studies) were included in this study. Compared to other edible oils, rapeseed oil significantly reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD = −0.14 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.21, −0.08, I2 = 0%, P < 0.0001), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (MD = −0.03 g/L, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01, I2 = 0%, P = 0.0003), ApoB/ApoA1 (MD = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.04, −0.00, I2 = 0%, P = 0.02) and insulin (MD = −12.45 pmol/L, 95% CI: −19.61, −5.29, I2 = 37%, P = 0.0007) levels, and increased fasting glucose (MD = 0.16 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.27, I2 = 27%, P = 0.003) levels. However, the differences in body weight and body composition between rapeseed oil and control oils were not significant. In a word, rapeseed oil is effective in reducing LDL-C, ApoB and ApoB/ApoA1 levels in people with overweight and obesity, which is helpful in preventing and reducing the risk of atherosclerosis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022333436.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2: Risk of bias graph of included studies.
Fig. 3
Fig. 4: Forest plot of the effect of rapeseed oil compared to that of the control oil on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with obesity and overweight.
Fig. 5: Funnel plot analysis was performed to detect publication bias of BW, BMI, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC and glucose.

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Data availability

Published data used for the systematic review and meta-analysis are available from the authors.

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Funding

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 82060420] and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China [grant numbers 20212BAB206004]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or the decision to publish. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the funding sources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China

    Jia-Ming Yang, Qiang Zhu, Jia-Hong Zhang, Hui Huang, Yan-Biao Zhong, Yun Luo & Mao-Yuan Wang

  2. Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China

    Jia-Ming Yang, Yi Long, Hua Ye & Yan-Lin Wu

  3. Ganzhou Intelligent Rehabilitation Technology Innovation Center, Ganzhou, China

    Yan-Biao Zhong

  4. Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou, China

    Yun Luo & Mao-Yuan Wang

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Conceptualization, JMY; Methodology, YL and HY; Software, JHZ and HH; Formal Analysis, YL and HY; Data Curation, YLW and QZ; Writing – Original Draft Preparation, JMY; Writing – Review & Editing, YBZ; Supervision, YL; Funding Acquisition, MYW. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Yang, JM., Long, Y., Ye, H. et al. Effects of rapeseed oil on body composition and glucolipid metabolism in people with obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 78, 6–18 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-023-01344-1

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