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Impact of soil supplemented with pig manure on the abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their associated genes

The Journal of Antibiotics volume 76, pages 548–562 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their resistance genes from agriculture soil supplemented with pig manure. Uncultivable soil sample was supplemented with pig manure samples under microcosm experimental conditions and plated on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar incorporated with commercial antibiotics. The supplementation of soil with 15% pig manure resulted in the highest increase in the population of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB)/multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria (MARB). Seven genera that included Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Providencia, Salmonella, Bacillus, Alcaligenes and Paenalcaligenes were the cultivable ARB identified. A total of ten antibiotic resistant bacteria genes (ARGs) frequently used in clinical or veterinary settings and two mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (Class 1 and Class 2 integrons) were detected. Eight heavy metal, copper, cadmium, chromium, manganese, lead, zinc, iron, and cobalt were found in all of the manure samples at different concentrations. Tetracycline resistance genes were widely distributed with prevalence of 50%, while aminoglycoside and quinolone-resistance gene had 16% and 13%, respectively. Eighteen ARB isolates carried more than two ARGs in their genome. Class 1 integron was detected among all the 18 ARB with prevalence of 90–100%, while Class 2 integron was detected among 11 ARB. The two classes of integron were found among 10 ARB. Undoubtedly, pig manure collected from farms in Akure metropolis are rich in ARB and their abundance might play a vital role in the dissemination of resistance genes among clinically-relevant pathogens.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely acknowledge provision of laboratory space and equipment, and technical support by the technical arms of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

    Adebayonle Akinduro, Chisom Iyunoluwa Onyekwelu, Tomisin Oyelumade, Olumide Alaba Ajibade & Oladipo Oladiti Olaniyi

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of East London, London, UK

    Tomisin Oyelumade

  3. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

    Babatunde Odetoyin

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Supplementary Materials: Impact of soil amended with pig manure on the abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their associated genes

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Akinduro, A., Onyekwelu, C.I., Oyelumade, T. et al. Impact of soil supplemented with pig manure on the abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their associated genes. J Antibiot 76, 548–562 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-023-00633-y

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