Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Original Article
  • Published:

Preparation of photocrosslinked spherical hydrogels bearing β-cyclodextrin and application in immobilizing microbes to decompose organic pollutants

Polymer Journal volume 54, pages 863–873 (2022)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

A microbe-immobilized support that improves the ability of bacteria to decompose organic pollutants by utilizing the organic inclusion effect of cyclodextrin (CyD) has been developed. Spherical hydrogels (ENTG-co-PSβCyD) were prepared by photocopolymerization of the polyethylene glycol macromonomer, ENTG, and the polysubstituted photocross-linkable β-CyD macromonomer PSβCyD. Then, the optimum composition ratio for use of this hydrogel as a microbe-immobilized support was determined, as were the phenol (PhOH)-removing abilities of PhOH-decomposing bacteria immobilized on this hydrogel. PhOH-degrading bacteria were immobilized on the spherical ENTG-co-PSβCyD hydrogel to obtain a microbe-immobilized hydrogel. The best microbe-immobilized support was obtained by using a spherical hydrogel with a PSβCyD content of approximately 28 μmol g−1, and this resulted in a PhOH-removal rate of 0.76 mg (L h hydrogel g)−1. This removal rate was 1.7 times faster, and the amount of free bacteria in the assay medium was 3.6 times lower than the corresponding data obtained using a microbe-immobilized hydrogel without PSβCyD. The spherical ENTG-co-PSβCyD hydrogel had a diameter of 2.9 mm, a moisture content of 63 wt%, a specific gravity of 1.16 g cm−3 and a Young’s modulus of 8.1 MPa. These results suggested that more efficient industrial wastewater treatment technologies must be developed.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yamasaki H, Nagasawa Y, Uchida N, Fukunaga K. Preparation of spherical photo-crosslinkable hydrogels having β-cyclodextrin powdery polymer and their application as immobilizing support for microbes. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU Japanese. J Polym Sci Technol. 2013;70:572–580.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Yamasaki H, Tokunaga H, Fukunaga K. Preparation of spherical PVA hydrogels bearing β-cyclodextrin and their application for immobilizing microbes. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU Japanese. J Polym Sci Technol. 2015;70:606–616.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Yamasaki H, Fukunaga K. Development of the environmental symbiosis material utilizing the property of cyclodextrin. Jpn Environ Conser Eng 2012;41:679–682.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Yamasaki, H., Takadera, T. & Matusmura, T. Japanese Patent No. 2014-5493123.

  5. Yamasaki, H. Japanese Published Patent No. 2012-012582.

  6. Takadera T, Yonehara Y. Study on continuous bio-ethanol fermentation process utilizing recombinant microorganism immobilized in/on supporting media composed of photo-curing materials. Jpn Res Coat. 2007;148:10–16.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Morita K, Izumida H. The removal technique of toxic substances from various drainage: Carrier for wastewater treatment “KP pearl”. Jpn Sangyo Kankyo. 2003;32:83–86.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Tanaka J. Nitrifying bacteria adhered on resinous carriers used in advanced sewage treatment system. Jpn Res Coat. 2002;139:2–11.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Iida T. Denitrification of wastewater using microbial cells immobilized by synthetic polymers. Jpn Biosci Ind. 1998;56:675–678.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Iida T. Immobilization of bio-catalysts by photocrosslinkable resins. J Jpn Soc Colour Mater. 1990;63:153–162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Iida T, Izumida H, Akagi Y, Sakamoto M. Continuous ethanol fermentation in molasses medium using zymomonas mobilis immobilized in photo-crosslinkable resin gel. J Fermentation Bioeng. 1993;75:32–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sonomoto K, Tanaka A. Immobilization of biocatalysts with prepolymers. Hakkokogaku. 1983;61:153–172.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yamasaki H, Odamura A, Makihata Y, Fukunaga K. Preparation of new photo-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer beads. Polym J. 2017;49:377–383.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yamaoka K, Kato M, Kamihara T. Control of cellular activity of dissimilatory nitrate reductase in escherichia coli. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1994;58:995–997.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Yamasaki H, Tsujimura H, Sadaaki M, Shinagawa E, Sugimura Y, Fukunaga K. Treatment of super high concentration ammonium wastewater with immobilized aerobic nitrifying bacteria and stripping effects - Performance of nitrifying bacteria to tolerate a high concentration of ammonium sulfate. Jpn Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu. 2009;35:20–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kimura, N. Rhodococcus biotechnology in biodegradation of nitroaromatic compounds. Jpn J. Environ. Biotechnol. 2007;7:19–25.

  17. Crini G, Janus L, Morcellet M, Torri G, Morin N. Sorption properties toward substituted phenolic derivative in water using macroporous polyamines containing β-cyclodextrin. J Appl Polym Sci. 1999;73:2903–2910.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported by a Research for Promoting Technological Seeds 2007 grant (No. 12-095) from the Japan Science and Technology Agency and by a research promotion grant from the Conference for Reduction of Energy & Heat-trapping Gas in the Ube Industrial Complex (2005–2008). The authors are grateful to Kansai Paint Co., Ltd (Osaka) and Novozymes Japan Co., Ltd (Chiba) for providing ENTG 380 and DC 1002 CG, respectively.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ube College, Yamaguchi, Japan

    Hirohito Yamasaki & Yasu-yuki Nagasawa

  2. Department of Sustainable Engineering (Chemistry), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan

    Kimitoshi Fukunaga

Authors
  1. Hirohito Yamasaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yasu-yuki Nagasawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kimitoshi Fukunaga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hirohito Yamasaki.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yamasaki, H., Nagasawa, Yy. & Fukunaga, K. Preparation of photocrosslinked spherical hydrogels bearing β-cyclodextrin and application in immobilizing microbes to decompose organic pollutants. Polym J 54, 863–873 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-022-00633-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-022-00633-z

Search

Advanced search

Quick links