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MULTIPLE MYELOMA, GAMMOPATHIES

Dietary and microbiome evidence in multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders

Leukemia volume 37, pages 964–980 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains an incurable plasma cell neoplasm. Although little is known about the etiology of MM, several metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, diet, and the human intestinal microbiome have been linked to the pathogenesis of MM. In this article, we provide a detailed review of dietary and microbiome factors involved in the pathogenesis of MM and their impact on outcomes. Concurrent with treatment advancements that have improved survival in MM, focused efforts are needed to reduce the burden of MM as well as improve MM specific and overall outcomes once MM is diagnosed. The findings presented in this review will provide a comprehensive guide on the evidence available to date of the impact of dietary and other lifestyle interventions on the gut microbiome and on MM incidence, outcomes, and quality of life. Data generated from such studies can help formulate evidence-based guidelines for healthcare providers to counsel individuals at risk such as those with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) as well as MM survivors with respect to their dietary habits.

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Fig. 1: A beneficial dietary pattern may improve outcomes through modifying the microbiome, metabolome, and immune microenvironment in plasma cell disorders.

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Acknowledgements

UAS received research support from the American Society of Hematology Clinical Research Training Institute, NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA008748, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, International Myeloma Society, Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation, TREC Training Workshop R25CA203650 (PI: Melinda Irwin), NCI MSK Paul Calabresi Career Development Award for Clinical Oncology K12 CA184746, HealthTree Foundation, and the Allen Foundation Inc. MB has received funding from Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) under IG2018- ID. 21808. MB was also supported by a grant from the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (# 6618-21). AML received research support from NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA008748, NCI 1R01CA249981–01, Sawiris Family Fund, and Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation.

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Urvi A. Shah, Richa Parikh.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Urvi A. Shah, Francesca Castro & Alexander M. Lesokhin

  2. Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Urvi A. Shah & Alexander M. Lesokhin

  3. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Richa Parikh

  4. Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

    Matteo Bellone

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Contributions

Concept and design: UAS, RP, AML. Acquiring data: UAS, RP, FC. Drafting the manuscript: UAS, RP, FC. Critical revision of the manuscript: UAS, RP, MB, AML. Approving the final version of the paper: UAS, RP, FC, MB, and AML. Submission: UAS and RP. UAS and RP contributed equally to this work. All authors agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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Correspondence to Urvi A. Shah.

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Competing interests

UAS reports grants from NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA008748, MSK Paul Calabresi Career Development Award for Clinical Oncology K12CA184746, Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation, Allen Foundation Inc, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at MSK, HealthTree Foundation, and International Myeloma Society as well as non-financial support from American Society of Hematology Clinical Research Training Institute, TREC Training Workshop R25CA203650 (PI: Melinda Irwin). UAS also reports research funding support from Celgene/BMS, Janssen, Plantable, Sabinsa pharmaceuticals, VeggieDoctor and M and M labs to the institution, non-financial research support; personal fees from ACCC, MashUp MD, Janssen Biotech, Sanofi, BMS, MJH LifeSciences, Intellisphere, Phillips Gilmore Oncology Communications, and RedMedEd outside the submitted work. MB has received honoraria from Bristol Meyers Squibb; Co-owner of the patent # EP18209623.0 - Strategies to improve colonization and expression of Prevotella melaninogenica in the gut of patients affected by IL-17-mediated diseases. AML reports grants from Bristol Myers Squibb and Genentech; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Pfizer; and grants and personal fees from Janssen outside the submitted work. AML has a patent for US20150037346A1 licensed and with royalties paid from Serametrix, Inc. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.

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Shah, U.A., Parikh, R., Castro, F. et al. Dietary and microbiome evidence in multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders. Leukemia 37, 964–980 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-023-01874-4

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