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Association between the prevalence of hypertension and dairy consumption by housing type among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake

Journal of Human Hypertension volume 36, pages 299–307 (2022)Cite this article

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Abstract

Survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 had higher risks of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, particularly residents of heavy flooding areas and evacuees. Thus far, the association between the prevalence of hypertension and dairy consumption remains unknown among these evacuees. We investigated this association by housing type after the Great East Japan Earthquake. In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a baseline survey among 9569 survivors of the earthquake, aged ≥18 years, between September 2011 and February 2012. Hypertension was defined as a systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or as persons undergoing treatment for high blood pressure. The frequency of dairy consumption was determined using a questionnaire. Participants living in prefabricated housing and emergency shelters were regarded as residents of temporary housing. Hypertension was prevalent among 43.8% and 44.7% of the participants in temporary and non-temporary housing, respectively. A logistic regression analysis of the prevalence of hypertension by daily dairy consumption showed that the magnitude of multivariable-adjusted odds ratios differed according to housing type (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.51–0.80 in temporary housing; odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.995 in non-temporary housing; P for interaction = 0.0501). These associations were consistent across subgroups according to sex, age, behavioral factors, obesity, disorders of lipid metabolism, and economic status. A higher frequency of dairy consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension among community-dwelling survivors of earthquakes and tsunamis, particularly those living in temporary housing. Therefore, dietary therapy involving dairy consumption could help prevent hypertension among evacuees.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Editage by Cactus (www.editage.com) for the English language editing.

Funding

This study was supported by Grant in Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants, Japan (H23-Tokubetsu-Shitei-002; H24-Kenki-Shitei-001, H25-Kenki-Shitei-001(Fukkou)), and the Dairy Products Health Science Council and the Japan Dairy Association.

Sponsor’s role

None of the study sponsors had any role in the study design, conduct of the study, data collection, data interpretation, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan

    Naoko Miyagawa, Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka & Nobuo Nishi

  2. Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan

    Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi, Haruki Shimoda & Kiyomi Sakata

  3. Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan

    Akira Ogawa & Seiichiro Kobayashi

Authors
  1. Naoko Miyagawa
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  2. Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka
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  3. Nobuo Nishi
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  4. Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi
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  6. Kiyomi Sakata
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  7. Akira Ogawa
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  8. Seiichiro Kobayashi
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Correspondence to Naoko Miyagawa.

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Miyagawa, N., Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N., Nishi, N. et al. Association between the prevalence of hypertension and dairy consumption by housing type among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake. J Hum Hypertens 36, 299–307 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-021-00500-z

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