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Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and exposures to PBDEs, OH-PBDEs, PCBs, and PFASs in a diverse, overweight population of pregnant women

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology volume 30, pages 42–55 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Exposures to persistent organohalogen chemicals during pregnancy are associated with adverse health effects. Low-income, minority women with pre-existing co-morbidities may be particularly vulnerable to these exposures, but have historically been understudied. We aimed to characterize exposures to multiple chemical classes among a sample of ethnically diverse, lower income, overweight or obese pregnant women. Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were measured in 98 pregnant women (California; 2011–2013). Aggregate exposures were evaluated using correlational clustering, a “chemical burden” score, and PCA. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and individual and aggregate exposures were evaluated using multivariable linear regression. Clustering and PCA both produced four groupings: (PC1) PBDEs/OH-PBDEs, (PC2) PCBs, (PC3) PFNA/PFOA/PFDeA, (PC4) PFHxS/PFOS. Race/ethnicity and prepregnancy BMI were associated with PBDEs, OH-PBDEs and PC1. Maternal age was associated with PCBs and PC2. Parity was associated with PBDEs, OH-PBDEs and PC2. Poverty was negatively associated with PCBs, whereas food insecurity was positively associated with PFOS. We observed variations in sociodemographic profiles of exposures by chemical class and weak across-class correlations. These findings have implications for epidemiologic studies of chemical mixtures and for exposure reduction strategies.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge Susanna Mitro and Ruth Geller for their assistance with data management and analyses. This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants (U01 HL097973 and NIEHS R00ES019881).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Suril S. Mehta, Katie M. Applebaum & Ami R. Zota

  2. Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Tamarra James-Todd

  3. Center for Health and Community, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Kimberly Coleman-Phox

  4. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Nancy Adler & Elissa Epel

  5. Division of Community Health and Human Development, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Barbara Laraia

  6. Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Emily Parry, Miaomiao Wang & June-Soo Park

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Mehta, S.S., Applebaum, K.M., James-Todd, T. et al. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and exposures to PBDEs, OH-PBDEs, PCBs, and PFASs in a diverse, overweight population of pregnant women. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 30, 42–55 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0173-y

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