Abstract
Single-spot urine is often used to estimate organophosphorus insecticide (OP) exposure. However, variations of urinary metabolite concentrations during the day are considerable as OP half-lives are short and as diet is their main exposure source. In addition, quality control is indispensable for institutions that analyze these metabolites. This study aimed to clarify (1) adequate frequencies of urine collection for estimating OP exposure and (2) interlaboratory variation in measured concentrations of OP metabolites, dialkylphosphates (DAPs). To quantify intra-individual variations, urine was collected eight times during a period that spanned 5 consecutive days from nine children aged 5–6 years. For interlaboratory variations, 41 spot samples from 14 pregnant women and 13 three-year-old children were used. Intraclass correlation coefficients for the DAPs were moderate but misclassification occurred in > 50% of the surrogate category analyses using single measurements. The misclassification frequency decreased to satisfactory levels when three temporal measurements were conducted. Values of four DAPs measured in the two laboratories correlated well except in the cases of urine samples obtained from two pregnant women. In conclusion, urinary DAPs should be measured from spot urine samples obtained during 3 different days. Sharing matrix-contained standards and quality control samples should minimize interlaboratory variations.
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Acknowledgements
This investigation was conducted as adjunct Study of Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) at the Miyagi and Aichi regional Centers. Although JECS was funded by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan, the findings and conclusions of this article solely represent the authors and are not representative of the official views of the above government. This study was supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (5–1451) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan.
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Ito, Y., Ueyama, J., Nakayama, S.F. et al. Within-individual and interlaboratory variability analyses of urinary metabolites measurements of organophosphorus insecticides. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 30, 721–729 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0124-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0124-7
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