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Molecular Biology

The bi-directional association between bipolar disorder and obesity: Evidence from Meta and bioinformatics analysis

International Journal of Obesity volume 47, pages 443–452 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

Background

The globally high prevalence of both obesity and bipolar disorder makes the bidirectional relationship between the two disorders a pivotal phenomenon; hence, a meta-analysis to synopsize their co-occurrence is indispensable. Psychotropic-induced obesity has been reported to be an important factor linking bipolar disorder and obesity. Nonetheless, the molecular signature of this connection is perplexing.

Methods

Here, we leverage both meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis to provide a conspectus and deduce the molecular signature of obesity in bipolar disease patients following psychotropic treatment. Searches were performed on a diverse collection of databases through June 25, 2020. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to rate the quality of the studies. Analysis of OR, 95% CI, and tests of homogeneity were carried out with STATA software. For the bioinformatics analysis, the LIMMA package which is incorporated into the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used.

Results

Our search yielded 138 studies, of which 18 fitted our inclusion criteria. Individuals who are obese have an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder (pooled adjusted OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.01–1.62). In a manner analogous to this, the pooled adjusted odds ratio reveals that patients with bipolar disorder have an increased chance of obesity (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.35–2). To deduce the molecular signature of obesity in bipolar disorder patients following psychotropic treatment, three data sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE5392, GSE87610, and GSE35977) were integrated and the genes obtained were validated by a cohort of known single nucleotide polymorphism of obesity via direct overlap. Results indicate genes that are activated after psychotropic treatment. Some of these genes are CYBB, C3, OLR1, CX3CR1, C3AR1, CD53, AIF1, LY86, BDNF, ALOX5AP, CXCL10, and the preponderance falls under mesodermal and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The ROC analysis reveals a strong discriminating value between the two groups (UBAP2L AUC = 0.806, p = 1.1e-04, NOVA2 AUC = 0.73, p = 6.7e-03).

Conclusion

Our study shows unequivocal evidence of a bi-directional association between bipolar disorder and obesity, but more crucially, it provides a snapshot of the molecular signature of obesity in bipolar patients as a result of psychotropic medication.

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Fig. 1: Data extraction flowchart.
Fig. 2: Forest and funnel plot.
Fig. 3: Forest and funnel plot.
Fig. 4: Venny diagram to integrate the three data sets.
Fig. 5: Identification of genes associated with obesity in individuals with bipolar disorder following psychotropic medication.
Fig. 6: Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis.
Fig. 7: Up-regulated genes and pathway analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Off Kamiti Road, P.O Box 25305-00100, Nairobi, Kenya

    Piniel Alphayo Kambey, Lalit Dzifa Kodzo, Fattimah Serojane & Bolorunduro Janet Oluwasola

  2. School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China

    Lalit Dzifa Kodzo

  3. Nursing and Midwifery Training college, Twifo Praso, Central Region, Ghana

    Lalit Dzifa Kodzo

  4. Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    Fattimah Serojane

  5. Departure of computer science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No 92, Xidazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China

    Bolorunduro Janet Oluwasola

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PAK designed the meta-analysis and bioinformatics section and led the write-up. LDK, FS, and BJO participated in data gathering and writing. The final manuscript was read and approved by all authors.

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Correspondence to Piniel Alphayo Kambey.

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Kambey, P.A., Kodzo, L.D., Serojane, F. et al. The bi-directional association between bipolar disorder and obesity: Evidence from Meta and bioinformatics analysis. Int J Obes 47, 443–452 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-023-01277-6

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