We developed an evaporated human milk (EHM) that can be used as a fully homologous human milk fortifier (Nutr. Res. 1996; 16: 769-72). After human milk evaporation the nutrient levels increased an average of 3 to 4 times, except for fat and lactose. A prospective study was conducted on 56 VLBW-infants (birth weight <1500g) to evaluate the plasma levels and nutrient balance of N, fat, Ca, P, Mg, Zn and Cu. Infants were included in the study as soon as they were tolerating full feds on 160 ml/kg/d. They were divided in 3 groups. Those whose mother had enough breast milk were randomly divided into two groups, each receiving one of two fortifiers: EHM (1/4 EHM, 3/4 own mother's milk, 18 infants) or a commercial HMF (Eoprotin 4%, Milupa GmbH & Co. Kg, Germany, 18 infants). If the mother had no milk they received preterm formula [FOR group]: (Prematil, Milupa GmbH & Co. Kg, Germany, 20 infants). Blood was collected on the 1st and after 30 days of study. 72hs balance was performed after one week. The team that provided care for the infants and administered the different formulas was unaware of the type of diet that was being offered. Regarding plasma levels, the EHM group showed lower levels of P (4.4± 0.6 mg/dl vs 7.2±1.0mg/dl [HMF] and 6.7±1.1mg/dl [FOR] and higher levels of alkaline phosphatase(1312±783 IU vs 611±182 IU [HMF] and 531±171IU[FOR]. Other plasma levels were similar between groups. Infants fed own mother's milk presented similar retention of nutrients with different fortifiers and better nutrient retention as compared to formula for fat, Ca, P and Cu. Formula and commercial HMF fed infants presented adequate plasma levels and nutrient retention. EHM as used,was inadequate regarding P levels. The use of higher volumes of the evaporated human milk or addition of P must be analyzed before the use of this absolutely homologous way of feeding VLBW-infants is recommended.