The 1 month growth and health outcomes of MLS infants following cocaine opiate C/O exposure during pregnancy has been reported previously from Brown U, U of Miami, U of Tennessee-Memphis and Wayne State U (Ped Res 39:285A, 1996). Of 1388 children, 658 exposed (EXP by maternal history and/or meconium assay) and 730 comparison (COMP, group matched by site on C/O exposure by race, sex and GA) who were enrolled in follow-up component of the study, 511 EXP and 589 COMP were evaluated at 1 year corrected age. Children seen at the 1 year visit (n=1100) were comparable to those who were lost to follow-up(n=288) in BWT and GA and maternal educational and insurance status. At 1 year, head circumference, weight and length in EXP grp measured 46±3 cms, 9.6±1 kg and 73±3 cms vs 46±3 cms, 9.6±1 kg and 74±4 cms, respectively in the COMP grp (all p>.05). More EXP had sick child office visits than COMP infants (19% vs 14%, p<.05) while visits to hospital ER were similar. Fewer EXP infants (75%) had immunizations than COMP grp (81%, p<.05). The% of infants with organ system abnormalities(respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal and hematologic) were similar in EXP and COMP grps. Fewer infants in EXP group had normal neurologic exam (80%) than COMP (86%, p<.05). The% of infants with CP, visual and hearing impairment, and HIV was low (<1%) in both groups. Overall assessment of health was good to excellent in 89% of EXP and 91% of COMP infants. Referrals to child protection services were higher in EXP than COMP infants (31% vs 2%, p<.05). On the Bayley Scales (BSID II), the MDI(mean±SD) was 90±11 in the EXP and 92±11 in the COMP grps(p<.05) while PDI and Behavioral Rating scores were similar. At 1 year of age, growth and health is similar in cocaine exposed and non-cocaine exposed infants, however a subtle difference in mental development was noted, highlighting need for continued longitudinal follow-up.
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Shankaran, S., Bauer, C., Bada, H. et al. Maternal Lifestyles Study (MLS): Effect of Cocaine-Opiate Exposure during Pregnancy on Outcome at 1 Year, a Multicenter Prospective, Group-Matched Study. † 1134. Pediatr Res 43 (Suppl 4), 195 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199804001-01155
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199804001-01155