Abstract
Gelatin, a naturally-occurring biopolymer, was electrospun in the present contribution. Gelatin solutions were prepared in either single solvent system [i.e., glacial acetic acid (AA)] or mixed solvent systems [i.e., AA/2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), AA/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), AA/ethylene glycol (EG), and AA/formamide (F)]. The electrospinning was carried out under a fixed electrostatic field strength of 7.5 kV/7.5 cm and the polarity of the emitting electrode was positive. The effects of these solvent systems on morphology and/or size of the electrospun materials were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrospinning of 15–29% w/v gelatin solutions in AA produced beads, beaded fibers, and smooth fibers, depending on the concentration range. Only smooth fibers were observed at the concentration range of 21–29% w/v, with their average diameter ranging between 214 and 839 nm. The addition of TFE as a co-solvent or another modifying liquid of DMSO, EG, or F helped improve the electrospinnability of the resulting gelatin solution. Among the three modifying liquids, DMSO and EG contributed to the formation of smooth gelatin fibers with reduced diameters when compared with those obtained from the solution in pure AA.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Z. M. Huang, Y. Z. Zhang, M. Kotaki, and S. Ramakrishna, Compos. Sci. Technol., 63, 2223 (2003).
J. Doshi and D. H. Reneker, J. Electrostatics, 35, 151 (1995).
D. H. Reneker and I. Chun, Nanotechnology, 7, 216 (1996).
A. Frenot and I. S. Chronakis, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 8, 64 (2003).
D. H. Reneker, A. L. Yarin, H. Fong, and S. Koombhongse, J. Appl. Phys., 87, 4531 (2000).
A. L. Yarin, S. Koombhongse, and D. H. Reneker, J. Appl. Phys., 89, 3018 (2001).
H. Yoshimoto, Y. M. Shin, H. Terai, and J. P. Vacanti, Biomaterials, 24, 2077 (2003).
I. K. Kwon, S. Kidoaki, and T. Matsuda, Biomaterials, 26, 3929 (2005).
W. J. Li, R. Tuli, X. Huang, P. Laquerriere, and R. S. Tuan, Biomaterials, 26, 5158 (2005).
K. Fujihara, M. Kotaki, and S. Ramakrishna, Biomaterials, 26, 4139 (2005).
S. A. Riboldi, M. Sampaolesi, P. Neuenschwander, G. Cossu, and S. Mantero, Biomaterials, 26, 4606 (2005).
Y. H. Lee, J. H. Lee, I. G. An, C. Kim, D. S. Lee, Y. K. Lee, and J. D. Nam, Biomaterials, 26, 3165 (2005).
X. Zong, H. Bien, C. Y. Chung, L. Yin, D. Fang, B. S. Hsiao, B. Chu, and E. Entcheva, Biomaterials, 26, 5330 (2005).
Z. Ma, M. Kotaki, T. Yong, W. He, and S. Ramakrishna, Biomaterials, 26, 2527 (2005).
E. R. Kenawy, G. L. Bowlin, K. Mansfield, J. Layman, D. G. Simpson, E. H. Sanders, and G. E. Wnek, J. Controlled Release, 81, 57 (2002).
H. J. Jin, S. V. Fridrikh, G. C. Rutledge, and D. L. Kaplan, Biomacromolecules, 3, 1233 (2002).
G. H. Altman, F. Diaz, C. Jakuba, T. Calabro, R. L. Horan, J. Chen, H. Lu, J. Richmond, and D. L. Kaplan, Biomaterials, 24, 401 (2003).
S. H. Kim, Y. S. Nam, T. S. Lee, and W. H. Park, Polym. J., 35, 185 (2003).
J. A. Matthews, G. E. Wnek, D. G. Simpson, and G. L. Bowlin, Biomacromolecules, 3, 232 (2002).
M. Li, M. J. Mondrinos, M. R. Gandhi, F. K. Ko, A. S. Weiss, and P. I. Lelkes, Biomaterials, 26, 5999 (2005).
M. Li, Y. Guo, Y. Wei, A. G. MacDiarmid, and P. I. Lelkes, Biomaterials, 27, 2705 (2006).
Z. Huang, Y. Z. Zhang, S. Ramakrishna, and C. T. Lim, Polymer, 45, 5361 (2004).
C. S. Ki, D. H. Baek, K. D. Gang, K. H. Lee, I. C. Um, and Y. H. Park, Polymer, 46, 5094 (2005).
K. H. Lee, H. Y. Kim, M. S. Khil, Y. M. La, and D. R. Lee, Polymer, 44, 1287 (2003).
K. H. Lee, H. Y. Kim, Y. M. La, D. R. Lee, and N. H. Sung, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 40, 2259 (2002).
H. Liu and Y. L. Hsieh, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 40, 2119 (2002).
L. Wannatong, A. Sirivat, and P. Supaphol, Polym. Int., 53, 1851 (2004).
T. Jarusuwannapoom, W. Hongrojjanawiwat, S. Jitjaicham, L. Wannatong, M. Nithitanakul, C. Pattamaprom, P. Koombhongse, R. Rangkupan, and P. Supaphol, Eur. Polym. J., 41, 409 (2005).
Compiled from http://trimen.pl/witek/ciecze/old_liquids.html.
C. Mit-uppatham, M. Nithitanakul, and P. Supaphol, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 205, 2327 (2004).
P. Supaphol, C. Mit-uppatham, and M. Nithitanakul, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 43, 3699 (2005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choktaweesap, N., Arayanarakul, K., Aht-ong, D. et al. Electrospun Gelatin Fibers: Effect of Solvent System on Morphology and Fiber Diameters. Polym J 39, 622–631 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.PJ2006190
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.PJ2006190
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Optimized Electrospinnability and Chemical Crosslinking of Nanofiber Membranes with High-content Hyaluronic Acid for Anti-coagulant Application
Fibers and Polymers (2023)
-
Understanding the solubility and electrospinnability of gelatin using Teas approach in single/binary organic solvent systems
Bulletin of Materials Science (2022)
-
Natural protein-based electrospun nanofibers for advanced healthcare applications: progress and challenges
3 Biotech (2022)
-
Electrochemical improvement in high-voltage Li-ion batteries by electrospinning a small amount of nano-Al2O3 in P(MVE-MA)/P(VdF-HFP)-blended gel electrolyte
Ionics (2022)
-
Evaluation of Viability and Cell Attachment of Human Endometrial Stem Cells on Electrospun Silk Scaffolds Prepared Under Different Degumming Conditions and Solvents
Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine (2022)