Abstract
Composite materials of ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-carbon black (CB) particles were prepared by gelation/crystallization from solution in order to obtain the composite materials with various electric conductivities. UHMWPE-CB compositions chosen were 1/0.25, 1/0.5, 1/0.75, 1/1, 1/3, 1/5, and 1/9. Electric conductivity increased with increasing CB content and was in the range of 10−9 to 1 Ω−1 cm−1 corresponding to semiconductors. These values were almost independent of temperature up to 175°C indicating thermal stability. Elongation was carried out in a hot oven at 135°C. Drawability was less pronounced as CB content increased. For example, the maximum achievable draw ratio of 1/1 composition (50% CB content) was 70-fold, while that of 1/0.25 (20% CB content), 150-fold. The corresponding Young’s modulus and tensile strength for the 1/0.25 blend were 73.6 and 1.31 GPa, respectively, while those for the 1/1 blend were 25.4 and 0.46 GPa, respectively. The materials with CB>83% could not be elongated in spite of good impact resistance. The electric conductivity for the drawn blends was anisotropic. The values in the stretching direction decreased with increasing draw ratio, while the values in the thickness direction increased slightly.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
H. Scher and R. Zallen, J. Chem. Phys., 53, 3759 (1970).
B. Buche, J. Appl. Phys., 43, 4837 (1972).
F. Baeche, J. Appl.Phys., 44, 532 (1973).
J. Meyer, Polym. Eng. Sci., 13, 462 (1973).
J. Meyer, Polym. Eng. Sci., 14, 706 (1974).
C. Klason and J. Kubat, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 19, 831 (1975).
M. Narkis, A. Ram, and Z. Stain, Polym. Eng. Sci., 21, 1049 (1981).
K. T. Chung, A. Sabo, and A. P. Pica, J. Appl. Phys., 53, 6867 (1982).
K. Miyasaka, K. Watanabe, E. Jojima, H. Aida, M. Sumita, and K. Ishikawa, J. Mater. Sci., 17, 1610 (1982).
M. Sumita, S. Absai, N. Miyadera, E. Jojima, and K. Miyasaka, Colloid Polym. Sci., 274, 212 (1986).
M. Sumita, H. Abe, H. Kayaki, and J. Miyasaka, Macromol. Sci., Phys., B25, 171 (1986).
R. D. Sherman, L. M. Middleman, and S. M. Jacobs, Polym. Eng. Sci., 23, 36 (1983).
D. Malachlam, J. Phys., C, 20, 865 (1987).
K. Yoshida, Y. Tomii, and S. Ueda, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 27, 2224 (1988).
S. Asai, M. Hayakawa, M. Suzuki, M. Sumita, K. Miyasaka, and H. Nakagawa, Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 48, 635 (1991).
M. Blaszkiewicz, D. S. Mclachlan, and R. E. Newnham, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 421 (1992).
F. Lux, Polym. Eng. Sci., 33, 334 (1993).
H. Tang, J. Piao, X. Chen, Y. Luo, and S. Li, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 48, 1795 (1993).
W. Jia and X. Chen, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 54, 1219 (1994).
Y. Agari, A. Ueda, and S. Nagai, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 1223 (1994).
L. Yang and D. L. Schruben, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34, 1109 (1994).
L. Karasek and M. Sumita, J. Mater. Sci., 31, 281 (1996).
N. Tsubokawa, A. Funaki, Y. Hada, and Y. Sone, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 20, 3297 (1982).
N. Tsubokawa, Gomu Kyokaishi 58, 306 (1985).
K. Ohe and Y. Naito, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 10, 99 (1971).
T. Kimura, Y. Asano, and S. Yasuda, Polymer, 37, 2981 (1996).
P. J. Flory and A. J. Vrij, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 3458 (1963).
P. Smith, P. J. Lemstra, B. Kalb, and A. J. Pennings, Polym. Bull., 1, 733 (1979).
P. Smith, and P. J. Lemstra, J. Mater. Sci., 15, 505 (1980).
P. Smith, P. J. Lemstra, J. P. L. Pippers, and A. M. Kiel, Colloid Polym. Sci., 258, 1070 (1981).
M. Matsuo, K. Inoue, and N. Abumiya, Sen’i Gakkaishi, 40, 275 (1984).
M. Matsuo, C. Sawatari, M. Iida, and M. Yoneda, Polym. J., 17, 1197 (1985).
M. Matsuo, and C. Sawatari, Macromolecules, 19, 2036 (1986).
C. W. Bunn, Trans. Faraday Soc., 35, 482 (1939).
M. Matsuo, C. Sawatari, and T. Ohhata, Macromolecules, 21, 1317 (1988).
M. Matsuo and R. S. J. Manley, Macromolecules, 15, 7985 (1982).
W. D. Schaeffer, W. R. Smith, and M. H. ZPolley, Ind. Eng. Chem., 45, 1721 (1953).
M. Matsuo, in preparation.
H. Nakayasu, H. Markovitz, and D. J. Plazek, Trans. Soc. Rheol., 5, 261 (1961).
M. Takayanagi and M. Matsuo, J. Macromol. Sci., Phys., B1, 407 (1967).
J. D. Hoffman, G. Williams, and E. Oassaglia, J. Polym. Sci., Part C, 14, 173 (1966).
M. Matsuo and R. S. T. Manley, Macromolecules, 16, 1500 (1983).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, C., Agari, Y. & Matsuo, M. Mechanical and Electric Properties of Ultra-High-Molecular Weight Polyethylene and Carbon Black Particle Blends. Polym J 30, 372–380 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.30.372
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.30.372
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Aggregation States of Poly(4-methylpentene-1) at a Solid Interface
Polymer Journal (2019)
-
Gelation/crystallization mechanisms of UHMWPE solutions and structures of ultradrawn gel films
Polymer Journal (2014)
-
Effect of chemical crosslinking on mechanical and electrical properties of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene-carbon fiber blends prepared by gelation/crystallization from solutions
Colloid and Polymer Science (2010)