Abstract
Crystalline complex formation of nitrophenol isomers [p-nitrophenol (PNP), m-nitrophenol (MNP), and o-nitrophenol (ONP)] with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was investigated. The phase diagram in PEO-PNP system obtained by DSC measurement showed a bell-shape region, characteristic of crystalline complex formation, separated by two eutectics. There was only one eutectic in the phase diagram of the PEO-ONP system, which suggested no complex formation. In the PEO-MNP system, there were no peaks in the samples with concentrations from 50 to 70 wt% of PEO in the DSC thermogram. New peaks in the X-ray diffraction profiles in the PEO-PNP system, were observed in the adduct with 40 wt% of PEO. In the PEO-ONP system, the only X-ray diffraction peaks assigned to PEO and ONP, respectively, were observed at all concentrations, which showed no complex formation. This might result from intermolecular hydrogen bond formation and self aggregation of ONP molecules. In the PEO-MNP system, amorphous halo increased as a weight fraction of PEO increased, which showed strong interaction of MNP with PEO. The wavenumber of OH stretching of PNP and MNP in the adducts shifted to low wavenumber, but that of ONP did not shift. This shows the hydrogen bond formation of PNP and MNP with PEO. PNP thus forms crystalline complexes with PEO, but not ONP and MNP. Our study suggests that the difference of complex formation among nitrophenol isomers shows that the important factor to form crystalline complexes in PEO-nitrophenol system is not only hydrogen bonds between nitrophenol and PEO, but also steric hindrance of nitro group.
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Tsutsui, K., Adachi, K., Tsujita, Y. et al. The Isomer Effect on Complex Formation in Poly(ethylene oxide)-Nitrophenol System. Polym J 30, 753–757 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.30.753
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.30.753