Abstract
The complex dielectric constant was measured under uniaxial deformation for the α and β relaxations of polychloroprene vulcanizate. The relaxation time in the α relaxation increases with an increasing extension ratio at a fixed temperature. This implies that the mobility of molecular motion pertaining to the α process decreases as an elongational strain increases. The temperature dependence of the shift factor at fixed length fitted accurately the Vogel—Fulcher—Tammann—Hesse (VFTH) equation: −logaT=A−B/(T−T0). However, the parameters B and T0, computed by minimizing the standard deviation between logaT and the experiments for each length, depend on extension ratio. T0 and the glass-transition temperature Tg increase as the length is increased. This gives support to the entropy theory rather than the free volume theory for the glass transition. The activation enthalpy for higher extension is always larger than that for lower extension in the temperature region where the dielectric measurements were made, but the latter exceeds the former slightly at an extremely high temperature.The shift factor for the β relaxation process, obtained by superposition of dielectric loss curves, decreases as the length is increased in a region far below Tg. This implies that the mobility of molecular motion pertaining to the β process increases as the elongational strain increases.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
M. Naoki, K. Nakajima, T. Nose, and T. Hata, Polym. J., 6, 283 (1974).
R. S. Witte and R. L. Anthony, J. Appl. Phys., 22, 689 (1951).
J. R. Stevens and D. J. Ivey, J. Appl. Phys., 29, 1390 (1958).
P. Mason, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1, 63 (1959).
G. Gee, P. N. Hartley, J. B. M. Herbert, and H. A. Lanceley, Polymer, 1, 365 (1960).
A. Komatsu and T. Nose, Rep. Prog. Polym. Phys. Jpn., 14, 309 (1971).
M. L. Williams, R. F. Landel, and J. D. Ferry, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 3701 (1955).
J. D. Ferry, “Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers,” 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, N.Y., 1970.
P. Vogel, Phys. Z., 22, 645 (1921).
G. S. Fulcher, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 8, 339 (1925).
G. Tammann and W. Hesse, Z. Anorg. Allgem. Chem., 156, 245 (1926).
See p 305 of ref 8.
M. Naoki, M. Motomura, T. Nose, and T. Hata, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 13, 1737 (1975).
R. G. Christensen and C. A. J. Hoeve, J. Polym. Sci., Part A-1, 8, 1503 (1970).
C. Price, J. C. Padget, M. C. Kirkham, and G. Allen, Polymer, 10, 573 (1969).
G. Allen, M. C. Kirkham, J. C. Padget, and C. Price, Trans. Faraday Soc., 67, 1278 (1971).
M. Naoki and T. Nose, Polym. J., 6, 45 (1974).
J. H. Gibbs, J. Chem. Phys., 25, 185 (1956).
J. H. Gibbs and E. A. DiMarzio, J. Chem. Phys., 28, 373 (1958).
J. H. Gibbs and E. A. DiMarzio, J. Chem. Phys., 28, 807 (1958).
H. W. Starkweather and R. H. Boyd, J. Phys. Chem., 64, 410 (1960).
Y. Tsujita, T. Nose, and T. Hata, Polym. J., 3, 583 (1972).
A. Turturro and U. Bianchi, J. Chem. Phys., 62, 1668 (1975).
A. K. Doolittle, J. Appl. Phys., 22, 1471 (1951).
M. H. Cohen and D. Turnbull, J. Chem. Phys., 31, 1164 (1959).
J. M. O’Reilly, J. Polym. Sci., 57, 429 (1962).
M. Naoki and T. Nose, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 13, 1747 (1975).
S. Matsuoka and Y. Ishida, J. Polym. Sci., Part C, 247 (1966).
L. Hayler and M. Goldstein, J. Chem. Phys., 66, 4736 (1977).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nakajima, K., Naoki, M. & Nose, T. Strain Dependence of Dielectric Properties. II. Polychloroprene Vulcanizate. Polym J 10, 307–314 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.10.307
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.10.307