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Context-specific regulation of cancer epigenomes by histone and transcription factor methylation

Oncogene volume 33, pages 1207–1217 (2014)Cite this article

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Abstract

Altered expression or activity of histone lysine methylases and demethylases in cancer lead to aberrant chromatin modification patterns, which contribute to uncontrolled cell proliferation via cancer-specific deregulation of gene expression programs or the induction of genome instability. Several transcription factors that regulate growth-associated genes undergo lysine methylation, expanding the repertoire of regulatory targets modulated by histone-methylating enzymes during tumorigenesis. In certain specific tumor types or specific physiological conditions, these enzymes may trigger chromatin structure and/or transcription factor activity changes that result in opposite effects on cancer initiation or progression. The mechanisms of such context-specific dual functions and those involved in the crosstalk between factor and histone modifications are subject to extensive research, which is beginning to shed light into this novel level of complexity of cancer-related epigenetic pathways.

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Acknowledgements

Work in the author’s lab is supported by European Research Council Advanced Investigator Grant (ERC-2011-AdG294464) and the Greek Operational Program ‘Education and Lifelong Learning’ of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)—Research Funding Program: Thales (Thales 656).

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    M Sarris, K Nikolaou & I Talianidis

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Sarris, M., Nikolaou, K. & Talianidis, I. Context-specific regulation of cancer epigenomes by histone and transcription factor methylation. Oncogene 33, 1207–1217 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2013.87

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