Abstract
Polyoma virus middle T antigen (PyVmT) is a powerful viral oncogene; however, the mechanisms of PyVmT activation are poorly understood. The insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) and the insulin receptor (IR) are known to be implicated in the development of many cancers. Furthermore, PyVmT-overexpressing mouse mammary carcinoma Met-1 cells are highly responsive to IGF-I and insulin. Herein, we demonstrate that PyVmT physically interacts with IGF-IR and IR in Met-1 cells. Insulin and IGF-I increase association of the IR and IGF-IR with PyVmT, enhance tyrosine phosphorylation of PyVmT and augment the recruitment of Src and PLCĪ³1 to PyVmT. This is accompanied by robust and sustained phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2, which are implicated in both PyVmT and IGF-IR/IR signalling. Both ligands significantly increase proliferation, survival, migration and invasion of Met-1 cells. Furthermore, orthotopic inoculation of Met-1 cells with shRNAmir-mediated knockdown of IR or IGF-IR fails to initiate tumour growth in recipient mice. In conclusion, our data indicate that the physical and functional interaction between PyVmT and cellular receptor tyrosine kinases, including IR and IGF-IR, is critical for PyVmT activation and tumour initiation. These results also provide a novel mechanism for oncogene activation in the host cell.
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Acknowledgements
We thank SD Hurstings (Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA and Department of Carcinogenesis, University of TexasāMD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, USA) and NP Nunez (Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA) for donating Met-1 cells. This work was funded by National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute grant 1RO1CA128799-O1A1. D Lann was supported by National Institutes of Health grant T32 DK007792. Y Fierz was funded by Swiss National Science Foundation grant PBBSB-120851 and Novartis Foundation grant.
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Novosyadlyy, R., Vijayakumar, A., Lann, D. et al. Physical and functional interaction between polyoma virus middle T antigen and insulin and IGF-I receptors is required for oncogene activation and tumour initiation. Oncogene 28, 3477ā3486 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2009.209
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2009.209
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