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Genetic code expansion

Expanding the genetic code by ribosome-mediated introduction of non-natural amino acids into proteins requires engineering of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase–tRNA pairs. Structural information for pairs specific for tyrosine reveals how this goal may be achieved on a rational basis.

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Figure 1: Different recognition patterns of tRNATyr identity determinants by TyrRSs from archaea and eukarya (top) and from eubacteria (bottom).

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Giegé, R. Genetic code expansion. Nat Struct Mol Biol 10, 414–416 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nsb0603-414

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