Abstract
The Hsp70 chaperone activity in protein folding is regulated by ATP-controlled cycles of substrate binding and release. Nucleotide exchange plays a key role in these cycles by triggering substrate release. Structural searches of Hsp70 homologs revealed three structural elements within the ATPase domain: two salt bridges and an exposed loop. Mutational analysis showed that these elements control the dissociation of nucleotides, the interaction with exchange factors and chaperone activity. Sequence variations in the three elements classify the Hsp70 family members into three subfamilies, DnaK proteins, HscA proteins and Hsc70 proteins. These subfamilies show strong differences in nucleotide dissociation and interaction with the exchange factors GrpE and Bag-1.
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Acknowledgements
We thank J. Höhfeld and R. Morimoto for plasmids expressing Bag-1M and Hsc70; A. Valencia and A. Buchberger for design and cloning of dnaK-K55A; T. Hesterkamp, A. Hoelz and T. Laufen for helpful discussions. This work was supported by grants of the DFG to J.R., and the DFG (Graduiertenkolleg Biochemie der Enzyme; Leibniz program) and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie to B.B.
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Brehmer, D., Rüdiger, S., Gässler, C. et al. Tuning of chaperone activity of Hsp70 proteins by modulation of nucleotide exchange. Nat Struct Mol Biol 8, 427–432 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/87588
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/87588
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