Accumulating evidence has suggested an autoimmune component to drug-resistant epilepsy. Now, immunotherapy in 27 patients with uncontrolled seizures with suspected autoimmune aetiology has shown striking results. At a median follow-up of 10 months, 22 patients (81%) exhibited substantial improvements in seizure status, and 18 patients (67%) were seizure-free. These results suggest that the treatment of autoimmunity could help to address the large unmet medical need of drug resistance in epilepsy.