A study of an extended family of Chinese ancestry with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has resulted in the identification of a novel Ser85Trp mutation in INF2 that leads to podocyte skeletal abnormalities. Sequencing of all INF2 exons in an additional 55 families with FSGS and 200 ethnicity-matched healthy controls revealed the overall frequency of INF2 mutations to be 3.6% among Chinese patients with familial FSGS.