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Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: better mimic of metastasis than subcutaneous xenografts

Nature Reviews Cancer volume 15, pages 451–452 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

The majority of human solid tumours do not metastasize when grown subcutaneously in immunocompromised mice; this includes patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. However, orthotopic implantation of intact tumour tissue can lead to metastasis that mimics that seen in patients. These patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models have a long history and might better recapitulate human tumours than PDX models.

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Acknowledgements

This article is dedicated to the memory of A. R. Moossa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, 92111, California, USA

    Robert M. Hoffman

  2. Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 402 Dickinson Street MPF Building, Ste 2-250, San Diego, 92103-8220, California, USA

    Robert M. Hoffman

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  1. Robert M. Hoffman
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Correspondence to Robert M. Hoffman.

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Competing interests

The author is an unpaid affiliate of AntiCancer Inc. PDOX models are a research project of AntiCancer Inc.

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Hoffman, R. Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: better mimic of metastasis than subcutaneous xenografts. Nat Rev Cancer 15, 451–452 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3972

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