Somatic mutations in mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) occur in approximately 70% of uterine leiomyomas. Turunen, Spaeth et al. showed that the MED12 mutations disrupted the binding of MED12 with cyclin C, which is required for the stimulation of cyclin C–cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) activity. This resulted in a loss of CDK activity that is associated with the mediator complex.