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Evidence for magnetic Weyl fermions in a correlated metal

Nature Materials volume 16, pages 1090–1095 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

Weyl fermions1,2,3 have been observed as three-dimensional, gapless topological excitations in weakly correlated, inversion-symmetry-breaking semimetals4,5. However, their realization in spontaneously time-reversal-symmetry-breaking phases of strongly correlated materials has so far remained hypothetical2,6,7. Here, we report experimental evidence for magnetic Weyl fermions in Mn3Sn, a non-collinear antiferromagnet that exhibits a large anomalous Hall effect, even at room temperature8. Detailed comparison between angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveals significant bandwidth renormalization and damping effects due to the strong correlation among Mn 3d electrons. Magnetotransport measurements provide strong evidence for the chiral anomaly of Weyl fermions—namely, the emergence of positive magnetoconductance only in the presence of parallel electric and magnetic fields. Since weak magnetic fields (approximately 10 mT) are adequate to control the distribution of Weyl points and the large fictitious fields (equivalent to approximately a few hundred T) produced by them in momentum space, our discovery lays the foundation for a new field of science and technology involving the magnetic Weyl excitations of strongly correlated electron systems such as Mn3Sn.

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Figure 1: Magnetic structure and three-dimensional bulk band dispersion in Mn3Sn.
Figure 2: ARPES band mapping near the Fermi level compared to DFT band calculations for Mn3Sn.
Figure 3: Strongly anisotropic magnetoconductance in Mn3Sn.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by CREST (JPMJCR15Q5), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Nos. 16H02209, 25707030), by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ‘J-Physics’ (Grant Nos. 15H05882 and 15H05883), and ‘Topological Materials Science’ (Grant No. 16H00979), and Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists A (Grants No. 16H06013) and B (Grants No. 17K14319), and Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research (Grants No. 16K13829), and Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers (Grant No. R2604) from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, and Photon and Quantum Basic Research Coordinated Development Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. P.G. was supported by JQI-NSF-PFC and LPS-MPO-CMTC. The use of the facilities of the Materials Design and Characterization Laboratory at the Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, is gratefully acknowledged. We thank S. Kunisada, M. Sakano and E. Golias for technical supports to perform ARPES measurements. The soft X-ray synchrotron radiation experiments were performed with the approval of JASRI (Proposal Nos. 2015B2002, 2016A1296, 2016B1262). The vacuum ultraviolet experiments were performed under the approval of the Photon Factory Program Advisory Committee (Proposal No. 2016G622). We thank Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beam time.

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Author notes

  1. K. Kuroda and T. Tomita: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan

    K. Kuroda, T. Tomita, C. Bareille, A. A. Nugroho, M. Ikhlas, M. Nakayama, S. Akebi, R. Noguchi, R. Ishii, S. Shin, Takeshi Kondo & S. Nakatsuji

  2. CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan

    T. Tomita, M.-T. Suzuki, M. Ikhlas, T. Koretsune, R. Arita & S. Nakatsuji

  3. RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan

    M.-T. Suzuki, T. Koretsune & R. Arita

  4. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, 40132 Bandung, Indonesia

    A. A. Nugroho

  5. Department of Physics, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-, 4111, USA

    P. Goswami

  6. Department of Physics and Astronomy, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208, USA

    P. Goswami

  7. Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan

    M. Ochi

  8. Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan

    N. Inami, K. Ono & H. Kumigashira

  9. Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany

    A. Varykhalov

  10. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan

    T. Muro

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  1. K. Kuroda
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Contributions

S.N. planned the experimental project. K.K. and C.B., conducted the ARPES experiment and analysed the data. M.N., S.A., R.N., S.S., T.Kondo, N.I., K.O., H.K., T.M. and A.V. supported the ARPES experiment. A.A.N., M.I. and S.N. made the Mn3Sn single crystals and carried out their characterization. R.I. performed chemical analyses. T.T., M.I. and S.N. performed transport experiments and collected data. P.G. provided theoretical insights. M.-T.S., T.Koretsune, M.O. and R.A. calculated the band structure. K.K., T.T., P.G., R.A. and S.N. wrote the paper. All the authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to S. Nakatsuji.

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Kuroda, K., Tomita, T., Suzuki, MT. et al. Evidence for magnetic Weyl fermions in a correlated metal. Nature Mater 16, 1090–1095 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4987

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