Animals originated in a world with marine oxygen levels only a fraction of those found in today's oceans. Observations of microbial habitats in present-day lagoons suggest that early animals could have found refuge in oxygen-producing mats.
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Bailey, J. Breathing room for early animals. Nature Geosci 4, 354–355 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1170
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1170