Article PDF
References
Bahn RS, Heufelder AE . Pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmology. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1468–75.
Garrity JA, Fatourechi V, Bergstralh EJ, Bartley GB, Beatty CW, de Santo LW, Gorman CA . Results of transantral orbital decompression in 428 patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1993;116:533–47.
Chang AA, Bank A, Francis IC, Kappagoda MB . Clinical exophthalmometry: a comparative study of the Luedde and Hertel exophthalmometers. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 1995;23:315–8.
Burde RM, Savino PJ, Trobe JD . Clinical decisions in neuroophthalmology. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1985:277.
Braley AE . Malignant exophthalmos. Am J Ophthalmol 1953;36:1286–90.
Allen C, Stetz D, Roman SH, Podos S, Som P, Davies TF . Prevalence and clinical associations of intraocular pressure changes in Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985;61:183–7.
Gamblin GT, Harper DG, Galentine P, Buck DR, Chernow B, Eil C . Prevalence of intraocular pressure in Graves' disease: evidence of frequent subclinical ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med 1983;308:240–4.
Fishman DR, Benes SC . Upgaze intraocular pressure changes and strabismus in Graves' ophthalmopathy. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1991;11:162–5.
Spierer A, Eisenstein Z . The role of increased intraocular pressure on upgaze in the assessment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 1991;98:1491–4.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghabrial, R., Francis, I. & Fulcher, G. Transient retinal arterial compromise in Graves' orbitopathy. Eye 12, 477–479 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.1998.109
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.1998.109