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Maternal Nutrition, Infants and Children

Validation of a pre-coded food record for infants and young children

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 66, pages 91–96 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

To assess the validity of a 7-day pre-coded food record (PFR) method in 9-month-old infants against metabolizable energy intake (MEDLW) measured by doubly labeled water (DLW); additionally to compare PFR with a 7-day weighed food record (WFR) in 9-month-old infants and 36-month-old children.

Subjects/Methods:

The study population consisted of 36 infants (age: 9.03±0.2 months) and 36 young children (age: 36.1±0.3 months) enrolled in a cross-over design of 7 consecutive days PFR vs 7 consecutive days WFR. Children were randomly assigned to one method during week 1, crossing over to the alternative method in week 2. Total energy expenditure (TEE) and MEDLW were obtained in the 9-month-old infants using the DLW technique for 7 days while recording with PFR.

Results:

For the 9-month-old group, PFR showed a mean bias of +726 kJ/day, equivalent to 24%, (P<0.0001) compared with MEDLW (n=29). Using WFR as the reference in this group no between-method differences were found for energy, fat and carbohydrate. Energy intake in the 36-month-old children was 12% higher in the PFR vs WFR (P<0.0001), and protein plus total fat intake were overestimated with the PFR (P=0.008, P<0.0001, respectively).

Conclusions:

The study indicates that the PFR may be a valuable tool for measuring energy, energy-yielding nutrients and foods in groups of 9-month-olds infants and 36-month-olds young children.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of all the families and children who participated in the study and Majken Ege for help during data collection. The work was supported by grants from the Danish Directorate for Food, Fisheries and Agri Business.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nutrition, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

    U H Gondolf, I Tetens & E Trolle

  2. Mater Mother's Hospital/Mater Medical Research Institute (MMRI) Griffith Health Institute (GHI)/Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia

    A P Hills

  3. Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    K F Michaelsen

Authors
  1. U H Gondolf
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  2. I Tetens
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  3. A P Hills
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  4. K F Michaelsen
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  5. E Trolle
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Correspondence to U H Gondolf.

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Gondolf, U., Tetens, I., Hills, A. et al. Validation of a pre-coded food record for infants and young children. Eur J Clin Nutr 66, 91–96 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2011.133

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