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GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), like many others in the biopharmaceutical sector, has embraced the power of genetics to identify possible new drug targets. But when its data point to proteins that haven’t been worked on before — often in unexplored families of proteins — the company’s medicinal chemists face the industry-wide challenge of quickly finding small-molecule tools to explore that biology. For Jacob Bush, Group Leader of Chemical Biology at GSK, fragment-based approaches are increasingly a possible solution.