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Immune Recovery

Immunogenicity of a live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in children and adolescents after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 49, pages 1307–1309 (2014)Cite this article

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Abstract

There have been no recommendations for revaccination with the Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. This study aimed to measure the immunogenic response to a live-attenuated JE vaccine (SA 14-14-2) in post-HSCT patients. JE-specific neutralizing Ab titers were measured before and after the JE vaccination. The patients with Ab titers <10 at the 3-month time point received a second injection at 6 months. A total of 28 patients (male:female=11:17) with a median age of 13 years (4–21 years) were included. The underlying diseases were thalassemia (50%) and hematologic malignancies (50%). Ten patients (35.7%) had Ab titers above the preventive level before vaccination. Nine of 18 patients (50%) seroconverted at 3 months after a single JE vaccination, but only three of these patients had sustained protective Ab levels. Seven of nine patients (78%) seroconverted at 3 months after a second JE vaccine injection, and all of these patients sustained protective Ab levels at 12 months. In conclusion, post-HSCT patients had low seroconversion rates after a single dose of the live-attenuated JE vaccine. These patients may require at least two doses of the JE vaccine to ensure protective Ab levels.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Biogenetech for supplying the JE vaccine (SA14-14-2). SP received a grant from the Thai Hematology Society.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    S Pakakasama, S Wattanatitan, C Techasaensiri & S Hongeng

  2. Center for Vaccine Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

    S Yoksan

  3. Nursing Service, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    S Sirireung

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  1. S Pakakasama
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Correspondence to S Pakakasama.

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Pakakasama, S., Wattanatitan, S., Techasaensiri, C. et al. Immunogenicity of a live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in children and adolescents after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 49, 1307–1309 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.149

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