Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

Quantification of ex vivo generated dendritic cells (DC) and leukemia-derived DC contributes to estimate the quality of DC, to detect optimal DC-generating methods or to optimize DC-mediated T-cell-activation-procedures ex vivo or in vivo

Leukemia volume 21, pages 1338–1341 (2007)Cite this article

There is a need for less intensive (post-remission) immunotherapies to maintain stable remissions in AML and at least stable diseases in MDS before or after stem cell transplantation (SCT). The significance of T cells to mediate cellular anti leukemic reactions has been demonstrated by donor-lymphocyte-infusion (DLI) therapy of relapsed AML,1 although not all of the patients treated respond to this therapy. Professional antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells (DC) could be used to overcome this therapeutic resistance and (re)-activate antileukemia-directed allogeneic or autologous T cells.2 Leukemic blasts from AML patients can be converted to ‘leukemia-derived DC’ (‘DCleu’), as already shown by others and us, giving rise to cells expressing ‘DC-typical markers’ together with the clonal or cell surface ‘blast’ marker of the AML.3, 4 ‘MCM-MIMIC’ is a standard method (GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, prostaglandin E) to generate DC.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Relevant articles

Open Access articles citing this article.

Access options

Rent or buy this article

Get just this article for as long as you need it

$39.95

Learn more

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1

References

  1. Schmid C, Schleuning M, Schwerdtfeger R, Hertenstein B, Mischak-Weisinger E, Bunjes D et al. Long-term survival in refractory acute myeloid leukaemia after sequential treatment with chemotherapy and reduced-intensity conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood 2006; 108: 1092–1099.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Choudhury A, Liang JC, Thomas EK, Flores-Romo L, Xie QS, Agusala K et al. Dendritic cells derived in vitro from acute myelogenous leukaemia cells stimulate autologous, anti-leukemic T-cell responses. Blood 1999; 93: 780–786.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kufner S, Kroell T, Pelka-Fleischer R, Schmid C, Zitzelsberger H, Salih H et al. Serum-free generation and quantification of functionally active leukaemia-derived dendritic cells is possible from malignant blasts in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Cancer Immunol Immunther 2005; 54: 953–970.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Mutis T, Verdijk R, Schrama E, Esendam B, Brand A, Goulmy E . Feasibility of immunotherapy of relapsed leukaemia with ex-vivo generated cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for hematopoietic system –restricted minor histocompatibility antigens. Blood 1999; 93: 2336–2341.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gao L, Bellantuono I, Elsasser A, Marley SB, Gordon MY, Goldman JM et al. Selective elimination of leukemic CD34(+) progenitor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for WT1. Blood 2000; 95: 2198–2203.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Roddie PH, Horton Y, Turner M . Primary acute myeloid leukaemia blasts resistant to cytokine-induced differentiation to dendritic like leukaemia cells can be forced to differentiate by the addition of bryostatin-1. Leukemia 2002; 16: 84–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Roddie H, Klammer M, Thomas C, Thomson R, Atkinson A, Sproul A et al. Phase I/II study of vaccination with dendritic-like leukaemia cells for the immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukaemia. Brit J Haemotol 2006; 133: 152–157.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Li L, Giannopoulos K, Reinhardt P, Tabarkiewicz J, Schmitt A, Greiner J et al. Immunotherapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia using autologous dendritic cells generated from leukemic blasts. Int J Oncol 2006, 855–861.

  9. Womer K, Peng R, Patton P, Murawski MR, Bucci M, Kaleem A et al. The effect of renal transplantation on peripheral blood dendritic cells. Clin Transplant 2005; 19: 659–667.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Graf M, Reif S, Hecht K, Pelka-Fleischer R, Kroell T, Pfister K et al. High expression of costimulatory molecules correlates with low relapsefree-survival-probability in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Ann Hematol 2005; 84: 287–297.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Pietschmann P, Stoeckl J, Draxler S, Majdic O, Knapp W . Functional and phenotypic characteristics of dendritic cells genereated in human plasma supplemented medium. Scand J Immunol 2000; 51: 377–383.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Loibl J, Kremser A, Schmid C, Zitzelsberger H, Kroell T, Scholl N et al. Surface marker expression profiles have to be evaluated before and after the generation of dendritic cells (DC) from blasts in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) to characterize and quantify DC in experimental settings. 2007, submitted for publication.

  13. Houtenbos I, Westers G, Ossenkoppele GJ, van de Loosdrecht AA . Leukemia-derived dendritic cells: towards clinical vaccination protocols in acute myeloid leukaemia. Haematologica 2006; 91: 348–355.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department for Hematopoetic Transplantations, Med III, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    H M Schmetzer, A Kremser, J Loibl, T Kroell & H-J Kolb

Authors
  1. H M Schmetzer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A Kremser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J Loibl
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. T Kroell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H-J Kolb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H M Schmetzer.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schmetzer, H., Kremser, A., Loibl, J. et al. Quantification of ex vivo generated dendritic cells (DC) and leukemia-derived DC contributes to estimate the quality of DC, to detect optimal DC-generating methods or to optimize DC-mediated T-cell-activation-procedures ex vivo or in vivo. Leukemia 21, 1338–1341 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2404639

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2404639

This article is cited by

Search

Advanced search

Quick links