Summary:
We have undertaken a retrospective sequential-cohort analysis of 131 lymphoma patients treated with the BEAM regimen and autologous stem cell transplantation, to compare BEAM at standard doses (sBEAM; n=67 from May 1990 to April 1995) and BEAM with escalated etoposide dose from 800 to 1600 mg/m2 (eBEAM; n=64 from May 1995 to June 1999). Transplant-related mortality and incidence of secondary malignancies were similar in both groups. Disease progression was significantly lower in indolent lymphoma (IL) patients receiving eBEAM (7 vs 43%), although survival was comparable due to a higher toxic mortality in the eBEAM group. The 5-year event-free survival and overall survival were better in Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients treated with eBEAM (70 and 77%, respectively) compared to sBEAM (58 and 69%, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant. In aggressive lymphomas, no difference was detected between groups. Our results indicate that while escalation of the etoposide doses in the BEAM conditioning regimen does not appear to improve outcome, encouraging results in IL and HD may warrant further studies.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Haioun C, Lepage E, Gisselbrecht C et al. Benefit of autologous bone marrow transplantation over sequential chemotherapy in poor-risk aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: updated results of the prospective study LNH87-2. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15: 1131–1137.
Linch DC, Winfield D, Goldstone AH et al. Dose intensification with autologous bone-marrow transplantation in relapsed and resistant Hodgkin' disease: results of a BNLI randomised trial. Lancet 1993; 341: 1051–1054.
Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M et al. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin's disease: a randomised trial. Lancet 2002; 359: 2065–2071.
Philip T, Guglielmi C, Hagenbeek A et al. Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 1540–1545.
Chopra R, McMillan AK, Linch DC et al. The place of high dose BEAM therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation in poor-risk Hodgkin' disease. A single-centre eight year study of 155 patients. Blood 1993; 5: 1137–1140.
Rapoport AP, Rowe JM, Kouidas PA et al. One-hundred autotransplants for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin' disease and lymphoma: value of pretransplant disease status for predicting outcome. J Clin Oncol 1993; 11: 2351–2361.
Yuen AR, Rosenberg SA, Hoppe RT et al. Comparison between conventional salvage therapy and high dose therapy with autografting for recurrent or refractory Hodgkin' disease. Blood 1997; 89: 814–822.
Sweetenham JW, Carella AM, Taghipour G et al. High-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for adult patients with Hodgkin' disease who do not enter remission after induction chemotherapy: results in 175 patients reported to the European Group for Blood and Marow Transplantation. Lymphoma Working Party. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17: 3101–3109.
Martín A, Fernández-Jiménez MC, Caballero MD et al. Long term follow-up in patients treated with Mini-BEAM as salvage therapy for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease. Br J Haematol 2001; 113: 161–171.
Sureda A, Arranz R, Iriondo A et al. Autologous stem-cell transplantation for Hodgkin's disease: results and prognostic factors in 494 patients from the Grupo Español de Linfomas/Transplante Autologo de Medula Osea Spanish Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 1395–1404.
Josting A, Reiser M, Rueffer U et al. Treatment of primary progressive Hodgkin' and aggressive non-Hodgkin' lymphoma: is there a chance for cure? J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 332–339.
Vose JM, Anderson JR, Kessinger A et al. High-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1993; 11: 1846–1851.
Conde E, Sierra J, Iriondo A et al. Prognostic factors in patients who received autologous bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Report of 104 patients from the Spanish Cooperative Group GEL/TAMO. Bone Marrow Transplant 1994; 14: 279–286.
Caballero MD, Rubio V, Rifon J et al. BEAM chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell support in lymphoma patients: analysis of efficacy, toxicity and prognostic factors. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 20: 451–458.
Salar A, Sierra J, Gandarillas M et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation for clinically aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the role of preparative regimens. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 27: 405–412.
Caballero MD, Perez-Simon JA, Iriondo A et al. High-dose therapy in diffuse large cell lymphoma: results and prognostic factors in 452 patients from the GEL-TAMO Spanish Cooperative Group. Ann Oncol 2003; 14: 140–151.
Schouten HC, Qian W, Kvaloy S et al. High-dose therapy improves progression-free survival and survival in relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results from the randomized European CUP trial. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 3918–3927.
Wheeler C, Antin JH, Churchill WH et al. Cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in refractory Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a dose-finding study. J Clin Oncol 1990; 8: 648–656.
Zulian GB, Selby P, Milan S et al. High dose melphalan, BCNU and etoposide with autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's disease. Br J Cancer 1989; 59: 631–635.
Phillips GL, Shepherd JD, Barnett MJ et al. Busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and melphalan conditioning for autologous bone marrow transplantation in hematologic malignancy. J Clin Oncol 1991; 9: 1880–1888.
Mills W, Strang J, Goldstone AH, Linch DC . Dose intensification of etoposide in the BEAM ABMT protocol for malignant lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 1995; 17: 263–270.
Martin A, Perez-Simon JA, Caballero MD et al. Effect of cumulative etoposide doses on the outcome of autologous peripheral-blood progenitor-cell transplantation for lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004; 33: 579–587.
Hiddemann W, Longo DL, Coiffier B et al. Lymphoma classification. The gap between biology and clinical management is closing. Blood 1996; 88: 4085–4089.
Hernandez J, Krueger JE, Glatstein E . Classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a proposal. Oncologist 1997; 2: 235–244.
Bierman PJ, Vose JM, Anderson JR et al. High-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic rescue for follicular low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15: 445–450.
Hunault-Berger M, Ifrah N, Solal-Celigny P . Intensive therapies in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Blood 2002; 100: 1141–1152.
Akpek G, Ambinder RF, Piantadosi S et al. Long-term results of blood and marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 4314–4321.
Andre M, Henry-Amar M, Blaise D et al. Treatment-related deaths and second cancer risk after autologous stem-cell transplantation for Hodgkin's disease. Blood 1998; 92: 1933–1940.
Metayer C, Curtis RE, Vose J et al. Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia after autotransplantation for lymphoma: a multicenter case–control study. Blood 2003; 101: 2015–2023.
Armitage JO, Carbone PP, Connors JM et al. Treatment-related myelodysplasia and acute leukemia in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 897–906.
Gulati S, Yahalom J, Acaba L et al. Treatment of patients with relapsed and resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using total body irradiation, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide and autologous bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Oncol 1992; 10: 936–941.
Blume KG, Forman SJ . High-dose etoposide (VP-16)-containing preparatory regimens in allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Semin Oncol 1992; 19 (Suppl 13): 63–66.
Horning SJ, Negrin RS, Chao JC et al. Fractionated total-body irradiation, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide plus autografting in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12: 2552–2558.
Weaver CH, Petersen FB, Appelbaum FR et al. High-dose fractionated total-body irradiation, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide followed by autologous stem-cell support in patients with malignant lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12: 2559–2566.
Stiff PJ, Dahlberg S, Forman SJ et al. Autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: value of augmented preparative regimens – a Southwest Oncology Group trial. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 48–55.
Acknowledgements
We thank Mark Anderson for the excellent technical assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Martín, A., Caballero, M., Pérez-Simón, J. et al. Results of autologous transplantation in lymphoma are not improved by increasing the dose of etoposide in the BEAM regimen: a single-centre sequential-cohort study. Bone Marrow Transplant 34, 675–682 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704595
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704595
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Toxicity Profile According to Etoposide and Cytarabine Dosing in Patients with Lymphoma Receiving Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Following BEAM Conditioning
Annals of Hematology (2023)
-
Safety and efficacy of high-dose ranimustine, cytarabine, etoposide and CY (MCVAC) regimen followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Bone Marrow Transplantation (2011)
-
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: report of three cases in HIV-negative hematological patients and review of literature
Annals of Hematology (2008)