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Chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure produces systemic hypertension in dogs

International Journal of Obesity volume 24, pages 819–824 (2000)Cite this article

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Determine if increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) alone can cause systemic hypertension in a chronic canine model.

DESIGN: Evaluate effects of increase in IAP with progressive inflation and deflation of an intra-abdominal balloon on systemic blood pressure in experimental and control animals.

SUBJECTS: Male dogs weighing 15–25 kg underwent placement of an intra-abdominal balloon which was progressively inflated on a weekly basis in the experimental animals (5) over 4 weeks to 25 mmHg above baseline and kept there for an additional 2 weeks before gradual deflation over 2 weeks. Control animals (5) had the balloon placed but not inflated. Pain was controlled with osmotic analgesic pumps.

MEASUREMENTS: The animals were anesthetized, blood pressure (BP) measured and blood drawn for plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, atrial naturetic peptide (ANP), catecholamines, and serum sodium (Na). A right heart catheter was inserted for measuring cardiac output (CO) and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) at baseline, week 5 (maximal IAP) and week 7 (after balloon deflation). The animals were weighed and urinary bladder pressures recorded weekly before and after abdominal balloon inflation.

RESULTS: Systolic (122±3 to 155±5 mmHg, P<0.05) and diastolic (82±4 mmHg to 107±7 mmHg, P<0.05) BP rose at 5 weeks at 25 mmHg IAP>baseline and returned to control with balloon deflation. Both systolic and diastolic BP rose (P<0.05) above control animals BP at 15 mmHg IAP at 2 weeks and remained elevated until abdominal decompression, at week 7. There were no significant changes in net animal weight, PRA, aldosterone, ANF, catecholamines, Na, CO or PAOP.

CONCLUSION: Increased IAP from progressively inflating an intra-abdominal balloon in dogs was associated with significant increases in systolic and diastolic BP that resolved with balloon deflation. Increased IAP may be a cause for systemic hypertension in central obesity and pre-eclampsia.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by an A.D. Williams Research Fund Grant, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of General/Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    GL Bloomfield, HJ Sugerman & CR Blocher

  2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    TWB Gehr & DA Sica

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  1. GL Bloomfield
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  2. HJ Sugerman
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Correspondence to HJ Sugerman.

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Bloomfield, G., Sugerman, H., Blocher, C. et al. Chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure produces systemic hypertension in dogs. Int J Obes 24, 819–824 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801234

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