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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) induces formation of attaching and effacing lesions in the intestine. Here, Huang et al. use human intestinal cells and a C. elegans model of infection to show that the process is mediated by a host signaling pathway involving cyclin-dependent kinase CDK1 and formin CYK1.
3D printing has enabled materials, geometries and functional properties to be combined in unique ways but printing multiple materials remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate how spatial distribution of different material phases can be modulated by controlling the kinetics of gelation, cross-linking density and material diffusivity in vat polymerization.
Understanding the infection parameters and host responses against SARS-CoV-2 require data from large cohorts using standardized methods. Here, the authors optimize a serum ELISA protocol that has minimal cross-reactivity and flexible sample collection workflow in an attempt to standardize data generation and help inform on COVID-19 pandemic and immunity.
Superwetting membranes with tunable organic liquid (OL) repellency are highly desirable but remain a challenge. Here, the authors develop a nanoparticle-embedded reconfigurable membrane with switchable wetting modes for various OLs based on a self-defined interfacial physical parameter.
Devices for droplet generation are at the heart of many microfluidic applications but difficult to tailor for specific cases. Lashkaripour et al. show how design customization can greatly be simplified by combining rapid prototyping with data-driven machine learning strategies.
Controlling temperature-depending charge transport in organic semiconductors is key to tailoring their electronic properties. Here, the authors report a potential barrier engineering strategy for modulating thermally-activated charge transport in organic semiconductors.
Bipolar membranes integrated water dissociation and acid-base generations have great potential in emerging sustainable technologies but remains inefficient. Here, the authors circumvent this inefficiency and instability of the membranes by developing polyaniline shielded catalytic bipolar membranes.
Gene flow is classically thought to impede local adaptation via parallel evolution. However, a genomic study on Hawaiian crickets from different island populations finds evidence of parallel adaptation to the same lethal parasitoid in spite of strong ongoing gene flow.
CTCF mediates DNA–DNA interactions by forming dimers that directly bind to both sides of the DNA. Here the authors reveal that a CTCF known associated zinc finger, ZNF143, mediates gene transcription through CTCF–DNA binding to maintain murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell integrity.
In one-dimensional systems, the combination of a strong spin-orbit interaction and an applied magnetic field can give rise to a spin-gap, however experimental identification is difficult. Here, the authors present new signatures for the spin-gap, and verify these experimentally in hole QPCs.
Controlling ion transport in nanofluidics is fundamental to numerous material applications but designing a material for ion selection is challenging. Here the authors report a confined van der Waals graphene oxide membrane as cation selective channel for energy generation inspired by neuron electromotive force.
APEX-based proximity labeling allows capturing protein interaction dynamics but its high labeling background limits its utility for cytosolic proteins. Here, the authors develop more selective proximity labeling probes, enabling the APEX-based characterization of time-resolved cytosolic protein interactomes.
Diffractive networks have recently been discussed as an all-optical analogue for performing neural network operations. The authors present a method using deep learning-designed 3D-printed diffractive surfaces to engineer temporal waveforms and perform pulse shaping in the terahertz regime.
Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is a limitation to their use in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Here, the authors show that targeting the ubiquitin peptidase USP47 overcomes TKI resistance and eliminates leukaemia stem/progenitor cells in primary and xenograft CML murine models.
IL11 contributes to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through incompletely understood mechanisms. Here, the authors report that lipotoxicity-driven autocrine IL11 activity underlies hepatocyte metabolic dysfunction and death via a NOX4/ERK-mediated mechanism while paracrine IL11 activity stimulates hepatic stellate cells contributing to fibrosis and inflammation in the context of NASH.
The mechanisms underlying the transmission of Tau in astrocytes are unclear. Here, the authors show that the entry of filamentous recombinant human Tau into astrocytes via the integrin αV/ β1 complex stimulates integrin signaling, resulting in activation of NFκB and astrocyte conversion towards a neurotoxic state.