The International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP)–Paediatric Oncology in Developing Countries (PODC) Collaborative Wilms Tumour Africa project delivered treatment in eight centres across five countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Setting up a collaboration like this is easier said than done, and herein we share the lessons we learned along the way.

Vinci et al. provide evidence for subclonal cooperation driving the maintenance of tumour heterogeneity in paediatric high-grade gliomas.

Comprehensive molecular characterization of infant medulloblastoma has uncovered the high degree of heterogeneity of this disease. Recent results from the SJYC07 study elegantly reveal that risk stratification can be improved if DNA methylation profiling data are incorporated into clinicopathological criteria. Importantly, the delineation of disease subgroups potentially has major clinical implications.

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis in paediatric diffuse midline gliomas with histone H3 lysine 27 to methionine mutations indicates that these aggressive tumours contain many stem-like cells and that lineage-based therapeutic targeting might be beneficial.