Featured
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Article
| Open Access
Standardized cycle life assessment of batteries using extremely lean electrolytic testing conditions
Many capacitive materials exist but assessment protocols that allow comparisons between laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale trials are lacking. Here, extremely lean electrolytic testing is proposed as a systematic evaluation framework to assess the performance of diverse battery systems.
- Myeong Gyun Nam
- , Hyun Jun Song
- & Pil J. Yoo
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Review Article
| Open Access
Advances in 3D silicon-based lithium-ion microbatteries
Three-dimensional silicon-based lithium-ion microbatteries have potential use in miniaturized electronics that require independent energy storage. Here, their developments are discussed in terms of their material compatibility, cell designs, fabrication methods, and performance in various applications.
- Andam Deatama Refino
- , Calvin Eldona
- & Hutomo Suryo Wasisto
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Review Article
| Open Access
Morphology controlled performance of ternary layered oxide cathodes
The effect of morphology-focused modifications is often overlooked despite their impact on battery applications. Here, the morphological relationship of ternary layered oxide cathodes to their electrochemical performance is Reviewed, with guidance suggested for their design and commercialization.
- Zifei Meng
- , Xiaotu Ma
- & Yan Wang
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Article
| Open Access
Impact of exposing lithium metal to monocrystalline vertical silicon nanowires for lithium-ion microbatteries
Lithiation and de-lithiation of lithium-ion microbatteries pose a challenge for adoption due to their extreme volume change and active lithium loss. Here, the surface morphologies of a monocrystalline vertical silicon nanowire-based lithium microbattery were investigated against performance.
- Andam Deatama Refino
- , Egy Adhitama
- & Hutomo Suryo Wasisto
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Article
| Open Access
Isoelectronic aluminum-doped gallium nitride alpha-voltaic cell with efficiency exceeding 4.5%
Alpha-voltaic cells are used as an independent long-lifetime energy source, but their power conversion efficiencies are much lower than the theoretical limit. Here, an aluminium-doped gallium nitride alpha-voltaic cell was found to result in a high-power conversion efficiency of 4.51%.
- Runlong Gao
- , Linyue Liu
- & Xiaoping Ouyang
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Article
| Open Access
Impact of solid-electrolyte interphase reformation on capacity loss in silicon-based lithium-ion batteries
The solid electrolyte interface reformation process and material evolution in silicon composite anodes is not well understood. Here, the authors develop a correlated workflow to study the structural and chemical progression of silicon and solid electrolyte interface reformation upon cycling.
- T. Vorauer
- , J. Schöggl
- & R. Brunner
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Perspective
| Open Access
Functional two-dimensional high-entropy materials
High-entropy materials have been realized in a wide number of alloys and ceramics, usually in bulk form. This Perspective discusses the emerging field of two-dimensional high-entropy materials, focusing on their formation, structure and applications.
- Srinivasa Kartik Nemani
- , Mohammad Torkamanzadeh
- & Babak Anasori
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Perspective
| Open Access
Important factors for the reliable and reproducible preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries
Electrolytes are a key component of a battery and therefore receive extensive research interest. This Perspective discusses how to ensure that reports of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries are reliable and can be reproduced by others.
- Xia Cao
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Article
| Open Access
Manipulating O3/P2 phase ratio in bi-phasic sodium layered oxides via ionic radius control
Bi-phasic O3/P2 sodium layered oxides are leading candidates for next-generation batteries but rational control of the O3/P2 ratio remains challenging. Here, the O3/P2 ratio is tuned by using the average ionic radius of the transition metal layer, leading to materials with different characteristics.
- P. A. Maughan
- , A. B. Naden
- & A. R. Armstrong
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Article
| Open Access
Developing sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage by recycling
FeTi alloys are efficient hydrogen storage mediums but their synthesis using high-purity metals poses considerable environmental sustainability concerns. Here, industrial scraps of iron and titanium are used to synthesise FeTi with high hydrogen storage capacities and tunable thermodynamic properties.
- Yuanyuan Shang
- , Shaofei Liu
- & Claudio Pistidda
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Perspective
| Open Access
Probing process kinetics in batteries with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a powerful and increasingly accessible approach for studying kinetic processes in batteries. Here, key factors for using impedance to obtain accurate and reproducible data from batteries are discussed, providing guidance for researchers.
- Deyang Qu
- , Weixiao Ji
- & Huainan Qu
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Matters Arising
| Open Access
Reply to: Concerns about global phosphorus demand for lithium-iron-phosphate batteries in the light electric vehicle sector
- Chengjian Xu
- , Qiang Dai
- & Bernhard Steubing
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Article
| Open Access
Lithium-ion-conductive sulfide polymer electrolyte with disulfide bond-linked PS4 tetrahedra for all-solid-state batteries
Solid polymer electrolytes that are resistant to volume changes during charge-discharge cycling are important for all-solid-state batteries. Here, a sulfide polymer electrolyte is fabricated by reacting PS43− anions with iodine, obtaining cells with low resistance and high capacity retention.
- Atsutaka Kato
- , Mari Yamamoto
- & Masanari Takahashi
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Article
| Open Access
Blocking lithium dendrite growth in solid-state batteries with an ultrathin amorphous Li-La-Zr-O solid electrolyte
The formation and growth of dendrites in solid-state lithium metal batteries is a common cause of failure. Here, thin-film amorphous Li-La-Zr-O shows high resistance to lithium penetration, making it promising for thin-film solid-state batteries and as a coating for bulk ceramic electrolyte.
- Jordi Sastre
- , Moritz H. Futscher
- & Yaroslav E. Romanyuk
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Article
| Open Access
The moment of initial crystallization captured on functionalized nanoparticles
Understanding the mechanism of supercooling suppression by crystallization seeds is important for designing semiclathrate hydrates for latent heat storage materials. Here, we show that 10-30 nm cluster formation around silver nanoparticles promotes crystallization of supercooled aqueous solutions.
- Hironobu Machida
- , Takeshi Sugahara
- & Izumi Hirasawa
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Review Article
| Open Access
Intrinsic differences and realistic perspectives of lithium-sulfur and magnesium-sulfur batteries
Magnesium-sulfur batteries offer several advantages compared to lithium-sulfur batteries, including a more stable anode and lower material costs. Here, the challenges and prospects for both classes of batteries are discussed, including their outlook for practical energy and cost levels.
- Georg Bieker
- , Verena Küpers
- & Martin Winter
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Article
| Open Access
Enhanced dielectric constant and energy density in a BaTiO3/polymer-matrix composite sponge
Polymer-matrix composites have a number of attractive properties for use as dielectrics in electrostatic energy storage devices. Here, a BaTiO3 sponge filled with epoxy achieves a high dielectric constant and energy density, attributed to large local electrical displacements.
- Gang Jian
- , Yong Jiao
- & Ching-Ping Wong
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Article
| Open Access
Single-sulfur atom discrimination of polysulfides with a protein nanopore for improved batteries
The design of advanced batteries relies on careful control of molecular interactions. Here, a protein nanopore, inserted into a lipid membrane, is shown to discern supramolecular polysulfide/cyclodextrin complexes differing by a single sulfur atom, a concept that might be used to design membrane separators in batteries.
- Fanny Bétermier
- , Benjamin Cressiot
- & Jean-Marie Tarascon
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Article
| Open Access
High cycle life all-solid-state fluoride ion battery with La2NiO4+d high voltage cathode
Fluoride ion batteries receive substantial interest, but are limited by their cyclic performance. Here, an La2NiO4.13 cathode in an all-solid-state fluoride ion battery achieves up to 220 cycles for a 30 mAh/g cut-off capacity.
- Mohammad Ali Nowroozi
- , Kerstin Wissel
- & Oliver Clemens
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Article
| Open Access
Design principles for efficient photoelectrodes in solar rechargeable redox flow cell applications
Rational design of photoelectrodes is a key requirement to boost conversion efficiency of photoelectrochemical redox flow cells. Here, band alignment design and surface coverage control are used to design single-photon photoelectrodes that achieve 9.4% solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency.
- Dowon Bae
- , Gerasimos Kanellos
- & Wilson A. Smith
Improved interfacial stability of all-solid-state batteries using cation-anion co-doped glass electrolytes