Featured
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Article
| Open Access
Evolutionary trajectories of small cell lung cancer under therapy
We uncover key processes of the genomic evolution of small cell lung cancer under therapy, identify the common ancestor as the source of clonal diversity at relapse and show central genomic patterns associated with drug response.
- Julie George
- , Lukas Maas
- & Roman K. Thomas
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Article |
Disruption of sugar nucleotide clearance is a therapeutic vulnerability of cancer cells
An enzyme called UXS1 that converts one sugar nucleotide to another is needed more in some cancer cells than in normal cells, providing a potential weakness that can be exploited therapeutically.
- Mihir B. Doshi
- , Namgyu Lee
- & Dohoon Kim
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Article |
Alternative CDC20 translational isoforms tune mitotic arrest duration
Human cells modulate the duration of their mitotic arrest through the presence of conserved alternative CDC20 translational isoforms.
- Mary-Jane Tsang
- & Iain M. Cheeseman
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Article
| Open Access
Microbiota-derived 3-IAA influences chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer
Indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA), a tryptophan metabolite derived from the gut microbiota, is associated with a better response to chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and dietary interventions could have a role in the treatment of PDAC.
- Joseph Tintelnot
- , Yang Xu
- & Nicola Gagliani
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Article |
Colon tumour cell death causes mTOR dependence by paracrine P2X4 stimulation
Chemotherapy-induced death of colon cancer cells causes ATP release triggering P2X4 to mediate an mTOR-dependent pro-survival program in neighbouring cancer cells, which renders them sensitive to mTOR inhibition.
- Mark Schmitt
- , Fatih Ceteci
- & Florian R. Greten
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Article |
Methotrexate recognition by the human reduced folate carrier SLC19A1
Cryo-EM structures provide insight into how the antifolate methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug, is recognized by the reduced folate carrier.
- Nicholas J. Wright
- , Justin G. Fedor
- & Seok-Yong Lee
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Article |
The KEYNOTE-811 trial of dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade in HER2-positive gastric cancer
Interim analysis of a phase III clinical trial of HER2-positive gastric adenocarinoma shows pembrolizumab plus trastuzumab and chemotherapy improves response rates compared with trastuzumab and chemotherapy alone.
- Yelena Y. Janjigian
- , Akihito Kawazoe
- & Hyun Cheol Chung
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Article
| Open Access
Multi-omic machine learning predictor of breast cancer therapy response
Integration of pre-treatment tumour features in predictive models using machine learning could inform on response to therapy.
- Stephen-John Sammut
- , Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar
- & Carlos Caldas
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Review Article |
Dietary modifications for enhanced cancer therapy
- Naama Kanarek
- , Boryana Petrova
- & David M. Sabatini
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Letter |
High speed of fork progression induces DNA replication stress and genomic instability
Inhibition of PARP is shown to accelerate the speed of replication fork elongation, which prevents fork stalling and induces DNA damage, with implications for genomic instability and cancer treatment.
- Apolinar Maya-Mendoza
- , Pavel Moudry
- & Jiri Bartek
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Article |
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is not required for lung metastasis but contributes to chemoresistance
An epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) lineage-tracing system in a mouse model of breast-to-lung metastasis reveals that although some cells undergo EMT in a primary epithelial tumour, the lung metastases mainly arise from cells that have not undergone EMT; in addition, cells that have undergone EMT appear more resistant to chemotherapy.
- Kari R. Fischer
- , Anna Durrans
- & Dingcheng Gao
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Letter |
mTORC1-mediated translational elongation limits intestinal tumour initiation and growth
The mTORC1 complex has been implicated in tumorigenesis owing partially to its ability to increase protein translation; now, mTORC1 activity in the mouse intestine is shown not to be required for normal homeostasis but to be necessary for the triggering of tumorigenesis by APC mutations, suggesting that it could be a good target for the prevention of colorectal cancer in high-risk patients.
- William J. Faller
- , Thomas J. Jackson
- & Owen J. Sansom
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Outlook |
Developing world: Global warning
Much of the world is ill-equipped to cope with its rising cancer burden and are pushing prevention and screening.
- Eric Bender
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Outlook |
Clinical trials: More trials, fewer tribulations
Clinical studies that group patients according to their molecular profile can make for better and faster drug approval decisions.
- Michael Eisenstein
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Research Highlights |
Cancer-drug infertility reversed
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Article
| Open Access
Whole-genome analysis informs breast cancer response to aromatase inhibition
Whole-genome analysis of oestrogen-receptor-positive tumours in patients treated with aromatase inhibitors show that distinct phenotypes are associated with specific patterns of somatic mutations; however, most recurrent mutations are relatively infrequent so prospective clinical trials will require comprehensive sequencing and large study populations.
- Matthew J. Ellis
- , Li Ding
- & Elaine R. Mardis
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Research Highlights |
Environment of chemo success
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Research Highlights |
Chemo spans generations
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News |
Cancer drugs affect mouse genomes for generations
DNA mutations continue to accumulate in offspring of treated mice.
- Heidi Ledford
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Research Highlights |
Tumour cells lend a hand
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Research Highlights |
Spoilers of chemotherapy
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News |
Drug shortage slows clinical trials
US researchers faced with cancer-drug shortfall struggle to keep trials on track.
- Heidi Ledford
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News & Views |
Macrophages limit chemotherapy
A major hurdle to successful cancer treatment is tumour resistance to chemotherapy. White blood cells called macrophages often infiltrate tumours in large numbers, and now appear to promote tumour chemoresistance.
- Michele De Palma
- & Claire E. Lewis
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News |
Diamonds deliver on cancer treatment
Carbon nanoparticles promise multifaceted benefits in transporting drugs.
- Marian Turner
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News |
How tumours resist chemotherapy
Studies spot a gene that allows some cancer cells to evade drugs such as Taxol.
- Cassandra Willyard
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Letter |
Sensitivity to antitubulin chemotherapeutics is regulated by MCL1 and FBW7
- Ingrid E. Wertz
- , Saritha Kusam
- & Vishva M. Dixit
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News & Views |
Chemotherapy counteracted
Resistance of tumour cells to chemotherapy can severely affect the efficacy of this anticancer treatment. The non-tumour cells of the organ in which the tumour resides may aid the emergence of such resistance.
- Urban Emmenegger
- & Robert S. Kerbel
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News |
Complex synthesis yields breast-cancer therapy
Drug approval marks culmination of a marathon trek from sea sponges to clinic.
- Heidi Ledford
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Research Highlights |
Pharmacology: Blocking a gut reaction
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News |
Drug flexes muscle against cancer
Decoy protein helps to fight cancer in mice by stopping muscle breakdown.
- Alla Katsnelson
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News & Views |
Lack of oxygen aids cell survival
In worms, neurons respond to low levels of environmental oxygen in a way that protects distant tissues from stress-induced cell death. The molecules that mediate this cell-cell signalling may be targets for cancer treatment.
- Jo Anne Powell-Coffman
- & Clark R. Coffman
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News & Views |
Drug-tolerant insurgents
Some cancer cells that become tolerant to a drug remain resistant even after its withdrawal, yet these cells eventually become sensitive to the drug again. The underlying molecular mechanism is unusual.
- Paul Workman
- & Jon Travers
The PARTNER trial of neoadjuvant olaparib with chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer