Autoimmunity articles within Nature Reviews Nephrology

Featured

  • Review Article |

    Sex differences in immune cell function and immune responses affect the development and outcome of diverse diseases. Here, the authors review current understanding of sex differences in immunity. They describe the key mechanisms that mediate sex differences in immune responses and discuss the functional relevance of such differences for immune-related diseases.

    • Shannon E. Dunn
    • , Whitney A. Perry
    •  & Sabra L. Klein

  • Review Article |

    Autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by aberrant B cell and T cell reactivity to normal host constituents. This Review provides an overview of the basis of autoimmune disease with a focus on autoantibodies, given their valuable role as markers for diagnosis, classification and of disease activity.

    • David S. Pisetsky

  • Review Article |

    Trained immunity refers to the development of immunological memory in innate immune cells. Here, the authors examine the basic features of trained immunity, as well as its role and potential therapeutic targeting in immunopathologies that involve the kidney.

    • Jordi Ochando
    • , Willem J. M. Mulder
    •  & Raphaël Duivenvoorden

  • Review Article |

    The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway not only is involved in host defence against infection but can lead to immune dysregulation. Here, the authors examine the biology and biochemistry of cGAS–STING and discuss its role in disease and potential approaches to therapeutic targeting.

    • Sladjana Skopelja-Gardner
    • , Jie An
    •  & Keith B. Elkon

  • Year in Review |

    Glucocorticoid exposure remains a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with immune-mediated kidney disease. Recent clinical trials have tested novel potential therapies for these patients and showed that glucocorticoid doses can be reduced without compromising efficacy.

    • Andreas Kronbichler
    •  & Rachel B. Jones

  • Comment |

    Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 seems to be safe in patients with immunity-mediated kidney disease, although their immunological responses to vaccination are impaired. Further strategies, including the administration of additional vaccine doses and passive immunization with long-acting monoclonal antibodies, might increase protection in this vulnerable patient group.

    • Maria Prendecki
    • , Michelle Willicombe
    •  & Stephen P. McAdoo

  • Review Article |

    Glycosylation refers to the addition of carbohydrate chains to proteins and lipids. In this Review, the authors discuss the broad role of glycans in immunity, cancer, xenotransplantation and glomerular filtration and the potential of ‘glycomedicine’.

    • Colin Reily
    • , Tyler J. Stewart
    •  & Jan Novak

  • Review Article |

    Co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory signals that are expressed upon T-cell-activation influence both autoreactive and alloreactive T-cell responses. Here, the authors describe the functional importance of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules in transplantation, tolerance and autoimmunity, and how therapeutic blockade of these pathways might be harnessed to manipulate the immune response to prevent or attenuate pathological immune responses.

    • Mandy L. Ford
    • , Andrew B. Adams
    •  & Thomas C. Pearson

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