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Gastric cancer and gene copy number variation: emerging cancer drivers for targeted therapy

Oncogene volume 35, pages 1475–1482 (2016)Cite this article

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Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common malignancy in the world with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. It has been established that gastric carcinogenesis is caused by a complex interaction between host and environmental factors. Copy number variation (CNV) refers to a form of genomic structural variation that results in abnormal gene copy numbers, including gene amplification, gain, loss and deletion. DNA CNV is an important influential factor for the expression of both protein-coding and non-coding genes, affecting the activity of various signaling pathways. CNV arises as a result of preferential selection that favors cancer development, and thus, targeting the amplified 'driver genes' in GC may provide novel opportunities for personalized therapy. The detection of CNVs in chromosomal or mitochondrial DNA from tissue or blood samples may assist the diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy of GC. In this review, we discuss the recent CNV discoveries that shed light on the molecular pathogenesis of GC, with a specific emphasis on CNVs that display diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic significances in GC.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971330, 31371420, 81320108024, 81000861, 81322036 and 81272383); Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81421001), the Program for Innovative Research Team of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; Shanghai 'Oriental Scholars' project (2013XJ); Shanghai Science and Technology Commission 'Pujiang Project' (13PJ1405900) and Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (12ZR1417900). The sponsors of this study had no role in the analysis and interpretation of the literatures, the decision to submit the manuscript for publication or the writing of the manuscript.

Author Contributions

JX conceived this work. LL, JYF and JX wrote the paper. JX generated the schematic representation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Cancer Institute,

    L Liang, J-Y Fang & J Xu

  2. Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health,

    L Liang, J-Y Fang & J Xu

  3. , Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China

    L Liang, J-Y Fang & J Xu

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  1. L Liang
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Liang, L., Fang, JY. & Xu, J. Gastric cancer and gene copy number variation: emerging cancer drivers for targeted therapy. Oncogene 35, 1475–1482 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2015.209

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