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Cryo-EM reconstructions of the small subunit processome provide essentially complete snapshots of the ribosome in construction. Cover image by Jonas Barandun. (pp 944 and 954)
Assembly of the small ribosomal subunit from an RNA strand and 33 proteins is an intricate and dynamic process. Two cryo-EM studies now provide insight into a complicated complex of at least 51 trans-factors that act on the preribosomal small subunit to sequentially fold it into a 3D molecular machine.
This review highlights recent mechanistic insights into the CRISPR class 2 type V enzymes Cpf1 and C2c1, which are crucial for improving these genome engineering tools and expanding the genomic editing space.
NMR spectroscopy analyses of the Abl regulatory module (RM), which tunes Abl kinase activity, explain the mechanism of certain RM-located drug-resistance mutations.
Histone variant macroH2A1.1 inhibits PARP activity to maintain mitochondrial NAD+ pools in muscle cells, thus linking chromatin state to optimal energy metabolism.
The structure of zebrafish DUB USP30 in complex with a Lys6-linked diUb, along with biochemistry analyses, reveals the basis for Lys6-linkage specificity.
Structural and biochemical analyses of human USP30 explain the basis of Lys6-linkage preference and regulation by PINK1 and Parkin, shedding light onto how USP30 can act as a brake on mitophagy.
Combined structural and microscopy approaches provide a model for how CAMSAP proteins recognize microtubule minus ends through their conserved CCK domains and protect microtubules from depolymerizing kinesin-13.
The 3.8-Å cryo-EM structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae small-subunit processome in a state that precedes pre-rRNA cleavage at site A1 provides an essentially complete near-atomic model of this assembly.
The near-atomic structure of the Chaetomium thermophilum 90S preribosome explains how assembly factors and pre-rRNA guide folding of pre-40S domains and suggests a proofreading model for the 90S–pre-40S transition.
Analysis of the 3D genomic organization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe during the cell cycle reveals that condensin mediates formation of large domains that serve as chromosomal compaction units, whereas cohesin forms smaller, more stable domains.
Crystal structures of a chimeric GABAA receptor define new allosteric binding sites for inhibitory and potentiating neurosteroids within the α subunit transmembrane domain.
Crystal structures and functional assays of a chimeric GABAA receptor in apo and pregnanolone-bound states reveal how neurosteroid binding alters receptor conformation to modulate channel opening.
Genome-wide analyses of the effects of U1 snRNP inhibition in human cells shows that telescripting suppresses premature cleavage and polyadenylation in long introns to sustain expression of large genes important for cell cycle and development.
Genome-wide analyses of somatic mutations across six cancer types show that mutation frequencies differ between chromosomal regions located at the nuclear core versus the periphery, and thus mutational patterns are influenced by nuclear architecture.
