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Substrate binding on the APC/C occurs between the coactivator Cdh1 and the processivity factor Doc1

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology volume 18, pages 6–13 (2011)Cite this article

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Abstract

The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a 22S ubiquitin ligase complex that initiates chromosome segregation and mitotic exit. We have used biochemical and electron microscopic analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human APC/C to address how the APC/C subunit Doc1 contributes to recruitment and processive ubiquitylation of APC/C substrates, and to understand how APC/C monomers interact to form a 36S dimeric form. We show that Doc1 interacts with Cdc27, Cdc16 and Apc1 and is located in the vicinity of the cullin–RING module Apc2–Apc11 in the inner cavity of the APC/C. Substrate proteins also bind in the inner cavity, in close proximity to Doc1 and the coactivator Cdh1, and induce conformational changes in Apc2–Apc11. Our results suggest that substrates are recruited to the APC/C by binding to a bipartite substrate receptor composed of a coactivator protein and Doc1.

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Figure 1: Incorporation of a photo-cross-linker into Doc1 results in cross-link products between Doc1 and APC/C subunits.
Figure 2: Identification of APC/C subunits that interact with Doc1.
Figure 3: Purification and 3D reconstruction of budding yeast APC/C.
Figure 4: Localization of Doc1 and Swm1 in the yeast APC/C 3D structure by subunit deletion and td2 labeling.
Figure 5: APC/C subunit localization using td2 labeling.
Figure 6: Analysis of APC/C dimers.
Figure 7: In vitro reconstitution of human APC/C bound to a substrate molecule.
Figure 8: Topological comparison of human and budding yeast APC/C.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to I. Häcker (Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen) and M. Madalinski (IMP, Vienna) for technical assistance; J. Barrett (Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Heidelberg), J. Brunner (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich), D. Finley (Harvard Medical School, Boston), U. Hoya (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen), D. Morgan (University of California, San Francisco), K. Nasmyth (University of Oxford), M. Solomon (Yale University) and W. Zachariae (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden) for kindly providing yeast strains and reagents; and J. Barrett, J. Brunner and B. Martoglio (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich) for advice on photo-cross-linking. Research in the laboratory of H.S. was supported by grants from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany, and from the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union via the Integrated Project 3DRepertoire. Research in the laboratory of J.-M.P. is supported by Boehringer Ingelheim, the Vienna Spots of Excellence Programme and the Austrian Science Fund.

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Author notes

  1. Claudine Kraft & Franz Herzog

    Present address: Present addresses: Institute of Biochemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (C.K.); Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (F.H.).,

  2. Bettina A Buschhorn and Georg Petzold: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria

    Bettina A Buschhorn, Georg Petzold, Marta Galova, Claudine Kraft, Franz Herzog & Jan-Michael Peters

  2. Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany

    Prakash Dube & Holger Stark

  3. Department of Molecular 3D Electron Cryomicroscopy, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Holger Stark

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  1. Bettina A Buschhorn
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Contributions

H.S. and J.-M.P. planned and supervised the project. B.A.B., G.P., C.K. and F.H. designed the experiments. B.A.B. performed most of the photo-cross-linking and biochemical experiments on yeast APC/C. G.P. performed the experiments on substrate bound APC/C. M.G. and C.K. generated yeast strains and performed growth assays and yeast APC/C purifications. F.H. performed antibody labeling on human APC/C. P.D. performed EM. H.S. calculated and analyzed the 3D EM structures. B.A.B., G.P. and J.-M.P. wrote the paper.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Holger Stark or Jan-Michael Peters.

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Supplementary Methods, Supplementary Figures 1–5 and Supplementary Tables 1–5 (PDF 3974 kb)

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Buschhorn, B., Petzold, G., Galova, M. et al. Substrate binding on the APC/C occurs between the coactivator Cdh1 and the processivity factor Doc1. Nat Struct Mol Biol 18, 6–13 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.1979

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